Glutathione Peroxidase (GSHPx) Activity in the Liver of Red Deer in Relation to Hepatic Selenium Concentrations, Sex, Body Weight and Season of the Year

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity in the liver of red deer in relation to selenium concentrations in the liver, as well as to evaluate changes in GSHPx activity according to sex, body weight and season of the year. Total selenium concentration in the liver of red deer averaged 0.095 ± 0.018 μg/g of wet weight. GSHPx activity in the liver of red deer ranged widely from 4.4 to 45.8 U/g of protein. Females were characterized by higher GSHPx activity compared to males (21.2 vs. 17.0 U/g protein). The highest GSHPx activity was recorded in autumn and the lowest in summer. The lowest GSHPx activity in the liver was found in the heaviest animals (>100 kg body weight), averaging 14.0 U/g protein. Animals weighing <66 kg and 66-100 kg were characterized by similar activity of 25.1 and 24.5 U/g, respectively. Despite the differences in GSHPx activity according to sex, body weight and season of the year, these factors had no significant effect on the activity of this enzyme. The main factor regulating GSHPx activity in the liver of examined red deer was selenium concentration.

Activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of wild boars (Sus scrofa) from aselenium-deficient area depending on sex, age, and season of the year

“…The mean activity of SOD in females only slightly exceeded that of males, while the activity of Se-GSH-Px was very similar in both sexes. No significant differences were reported in the hepatic activity of GSH-Px in male and female pigs by Balagh et al (2012), nor in red deer by Pilarczyk et al (2011). Significantly higher CAT and Mn-SOD activity was observed by Carrillo et al in the liver of female mice (1992), and considerably higher GSHPx and CAT activity was reported by Wu et al (2003).…”

“…The present study showed that the sex of the animals had no considerable effect on liver selenium concentration. The lack of a relationship between selenium concentration and sex was also found in wild boars by Pilarczyk et al (2010), as well as in red deer from northwestern Poland (Pilarczyk et al, 2011) and in polar bears (Rush et al, 2008), although such a correlation was reported in Norwegian red deer (Vikøren et al, 2005) and in red foxes and mongooses (Millán et al, 2008).…”

The implications of selenium deficiency for wild herbivore conservation: a review

“…Polish wild boars (Sus scofra) also had higher concentrations in kidney than in liver, with the mean of 172 liver values being 0.190 mg/kg (ww) and with spring values being higher than autumn (Pilarczyk et al 2010). In continued work, Pilarczyk et al (2011b) also demonstrated a correlation between liver Se and GPX activity (r 2 00.73).…”

Functionalized selenium nanoparticles ameliorated acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through synergistically triggering PKCδ/Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting CYP 2E1

“…Of note, PTR-SeNPs antagonized the APAP-induce hepatotoxicity more effectively in WT mice than Nrf2 KO mice as evidenced by the decreased serum AST and LDH contents and increased hepatic SOD, CAT and GSH levels, as well as improvement in the histopathology of liver tissue. Intriguingly, hepatic GSH-Px activity, depending on Selenium concentration, was not more elevated in WT mice than Nrf2 KO mice, which may be attributable to the direct regulation of PTR-SeNPs [40]. Immunoblotting result showed that PTR-SeNPs pretreatment could further promote Nrf2 nuclear translocation in response to APAP challenge, and upregulated the protein expression of GCLC, GCLM, HO-1 and NQO-1.…”