Glutaraldehyde‐pollen‐tyrosine: clinical and immunological studies

Abstract

Summary Grass pollen extract was reacted with glutaraldehyde, and used in the form of a lyrosine adsorbate for the treatment of hay fever. The incidence of systemic reactions was reduced by the chemical treatment to negligible levels, permitting the therapeutic‐schedule to be reduced to three doses without impairment of clinical effectiveness. The levels of pollen‐specific IgG antibody induced by the chemically modified material were similar to those induced by pollen‐tyrosine or by alum‐precipitated pyridine extract. The increase in IgE antibody induced by glutaraldehyde‐pollen‐tyrosine was lower than that induced by pollen‐tyrosine: only the falter achieved significance.

Studies of Chemically Modified Honeybee Venom I.

“…While several clinical studies on the effect of im munotherapy with modified grass or ragweed aller gens have already been published [2,5,7,11,25], only limited experimental data [12,26,28] are available concerning chemically modified insect venoms. Sting ing insect hypersensitivity is an important indication for immunotherapy and side effects during treatment with the available venom preparations may represent a significant problem [6,24], The purpose of this study is to analyze different chemical modifications of honeybee venom (BV) with regard to their potential use for the immunotherapy of patients allergic to honeybee stings.…”

Improvement of specific immunotherapy by human IgG and modified allergens

“…A depot effect has further been achieved by adsorption of allergens to tyrosin-base (63), and these extracts have demonstrated a clinical effect comparable to alum-adsorbed extracts (38). Adsorption to tyrosine has also been combined with glutaraldehyde-polymerized extracts as described below (38,61).…”

“…Adsorption to tyrosine has also been combined with glutaraldehyde-polymerized extracts as described below (38,61).…”

Use of Glutaraldehyde-Modified Timothy Grass Pollen Extract in Nasal Hyposensitisation Treatment of Hay Fever

“…Recent reports have described the prepa ration and properties of allergens, chemical ly modified in order to reduce allergic reac tions during immunotherapy without com promising their immunogenicity [14,19,21,28], Such materials could be useful in in tranasal hyposensitization therapy; as the risk of local allergic reactions should be re duced, an exact titration of the patient's sensitivity would not be necessary and self administration according to a standard sched ule might be possible.…”

“…In a preliminary study [3], 5 adult pa tients with rhinitis due to allergy to timothy pollen underwent local intranasal hyposen sitization with a chemically modified mixed grass pollen allergen preparation [14]. 4 of these patients experienced diminished hay fever symptoms during the pollen season.…”