No abstract

No abstract

An IgG type of antibody directed against IgE has been studied in serum from healthy and allergic individuals. The technique used is based on adsorption of the IgG fraction in serum to protein A-Sepharose followed by reacting any specific antibody with ¹²⁵I-IgE. The anti-IgE antibodies were partially blocked by endogenous IgE, indicating the presence of IgE-containing immune complexes in serum. Heating of serum to 56 °C disrupted the immune complexes, thereby facilitating the detection of anti-IgE antibodies. The antibodies were essentially directed against the heat-labile Dε2 antigen. Significantly raised (p < 0.001) levels of anti-IgE antibodies were found in patients suffering from allergic asthma, as compared with non-allergic blood donors.

No abstract

PostprintThis is the accepted version of a paper published in Resources, Conservation and Recycling. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof-corrections or journal pagination.Citation for the original published paper (version of record):Walan, P., Davidsson, S., Johansson, S., Höök, M. (2014) Phosphate rock production and depletion: Regional disaggregated modeling and global implications.Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 93(0) AbstractNumerous recent studies discuss phosphate rock extraction, and some even propose that a peak in production could be reached in coming decades. This would have great consequences as phosphate rock based fertilizers are irreplaceable in modern agriculture. Studies suggesting an impending peak commonly use curve fitting models where mathematical functions are fitted to historical world production data, while studies using other methods reach completely different results. Also, a sudden increase in global reserve estimates is commonly used to dismiss these warnings, and has somewhat altered the debate. The recent multiplication of estimated reserves is mostly based on an increase of the Moroccan reserve estimate, leading to Morocco currently making up most of the global reserves. This study models global phosphate rock production using a disaggregated curve fitting model based on the production in individual major producing countries, providing a somewhat different view than most studies, and show that the global trade of phosphate rock could be completely dependent on Morocco in the future. There are several different factors that can potentially limit global production and these factors should be considered for the individual producing countries. Society's total dependence on phosphate rock should be further investigated despite claims of large resource occurrences.Highlights:  Phosphate rock production is modelled using curve fitting models.  Global production is disaggregated into major producing countries.  Phosphorous exports will rely heavily on Morocco in the future.  Potential bottlenecks should be further analysed for separate regions.