Glueball- mixing and Okuba–Zweig–Iizuka rule violation in the hadronic decays of heavy quarkonia

Abstract

We investigate the correlations between the scalar meson configurations and Okuba-Zweig-Iizuka (OZI) rule violations in the hadronic decays of heavy quarkonia, e.g. J/ψ and Υ, into isoscalar vector meson (φ and ω) and scalar mesons (f0(1710), f0(1500), and f0(1370)). It shows that the dramatic change of the values of the branching ratio fraction of φf0/ωf0 from low (e.g. in J/ψ decays) to high energies (e.g. in Υ decays) will not only test the glueball-QQ mixings, but also provide important information about the mysterious OZI-rule violations within the scalars.The recent experimental data from BES [1,2,3,4] seem to have enhanced the possible existence of significant glueball contents within the low-lying scalars [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. In particular, large glueball components are preferred in the f 0 (1500), while large |ss and |nn ≡ |uū + dd / √ 2 are dominant in the f 0 (1710) and f 0 (1370), respectively. Although the glueball components are relatively small in these two states, their phases relative to the dominant QQ components turn out to play crucial roles in the understanding of the scalar spectroscopy [5,6,14,15]. Implications arising from the presence of the glueball components can then be detected in their production processes. Mechanisms such as J/ψ hadronic and radiative decays are ideal for probing information about the glueball-QQ mixings.In Ref.[15], we reported a coherent study of the production of f i 0 (i = 1, 2, 3 corresponding to f 0 (1710), f 0 (1500), and f 0 (1370)) in J/ψ → V f 0 → V P P , where V = φ, ω. There are advantages of studying isoscalar vector meson φ and ω in association with the f 0 states: i) Since ω and φ are approximately ideally mixed in the flavor space, the process J/ψ → φf 0 (ss) and J/ψ → ωf 0 (nn) may probe the ss and nn components separately to leading order via the singly OZI [16] disconnected diagrams ( Fig. 1(b)); ii) If there exist glueball components in the f 0 states, those two processes also probe the glueball components at the same order via J/ψ → V G (Fig. 1(a)); iii) As discussed in Ref. [15], the ratio of these two decay channels also highlights the importance of the doubly OZI disconnected diagram in the interpretation of the BES data for the production of f 0 (1370) and f 0 (1500) in the J/ψ decays (see Fig. 1(c)), which is contrary to expectations based on naive OZI rule [17]. Therefore, the importance of its violations can also be reflected by the failure of the prescriptions, which only include the leading contributions from the singly disconnected processes and the direct glueball production.It was pointed out by Lipkin before that the OZI-rule violations can always proceed by a two-step process involving intermediate virtual mesons [18]. For example, as studied by Geiger and Isgur [19], systematic cancellations among the hadronic loops occurred for the uū ↔ ss mixing in all the low-lying nonets except 0 ++ . A general argument was given by Lipkin and Zou [20]. Similar to the large rates of pp → K * K + c.c. → φπ [21], the doubly OZI disconnected...

Near-threshold enhancement inJ/ψ→γXwithX→ωϕ

“…In the charmonium energy region, the decay of J/ψ → ωf 0 and φf 0 have significant contributions from J/ψ → K * K + c.c. → φf 0 and J/ψ → ρπ → ωf 0 [20]. Similar phenomena are also observed in η c → ωφ as a major mechanism for the OZI-rule violations [21].…”

“…In Refs. [20,21], three cases have been studied for the integration: (i) with no form factor; (ii) with a monopole form factor, i.e. F (p…”

Hadronic loop contributions to J/ψ and ψ′ radiative decays into γLi1, Zhao2 2008Physics Letters BSelf Cite430161View full textAdd to dashboardCite

“…In the recent years, the intermediate meson loop is investigated in a lot of meson decay channels [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16] as one of the important non-perturbative transition mechanisms, or known as final state interactiions (FSI). In particular in the energy region of charmonium masses, with more and more data from Belle, BaBar, CLEO-c and BES, it is widely studied that intermediate meson loop may account for apparent OZI-rule violations [11,12,13,14,15,16] via quark-hadron duality arguement [17,18,19].…”

“…In particular in the energy region of charmonium masses, with more and more data from Belle, BaBar, CLEO-c and BES, it is widely studied that intermediate meson loop may account for apparent OZI-rule violations [11,12,13,14,15,16] via quark-hadron duality arguement [17,18,19].…”

Final state interactions in the decays J/ψ→VPP

“…Crossed channel effects were studied in Refs. [11,12], however, no detailed comparison to the most recent data was performed.…”