Glucose Metabolism and Cancer

Zheng, Lei; Li, Jiangtao; Luo, Yan

doi:10.5772/33470

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…The ratio of these two transcriptional factors establishes the final levels of GLUT1 mRNA and protein [ 15 ]. Moreover, glucose transporter 1 has been shown to be regulated not only by HIF-1, but also through c-Myc and protein kinase B (PKB) [ 36 ]. Tumor cells enhance glucose uptake via induction of GLUT1 and sodium/ glucose cotransporter 1 ( SGLT1) and coordinate the increased entry of glucose with increased glycolysis [ 37 ].…”

Section: Glut1 Causes An Up-regulation In Glucose Up-takementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the insulin-sensitive GLUT4 expression is significantly decreased in cancer cells. The disruption in balance between glucose transporter 1 and 4 expression may lead to insulin independent sugar uptake in cancer cells [ 36 , 38 ]. There are also studies that have reported associations between GLUT expression and proliferative indices, whilst others suggest that GLUT expression may be of prognostic significance [ 39 ].…”

Section: Glut1 Causes An Up-regulation In Glucose Up-takementioning

confidence: 99%

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Up-regulation of key glycolysis proteins in cancer development

2018

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In rapid proliferating cancer cells, there is a need for fast ATP and lactate production, therefore cancer cells turn off oxidative phosphorylation and turn on the so called "Warburg effect". This regulating the expression of genes involved in glycolysis. According to many studies, glucose transporter 1, which supplies glucose to the cell, is the most abundantly expressed transporter in cancer cells. Hexokinase 2, is one of four hexokinase isoenzymes, is also another highly expressed enzyme in cancer cells and it functions to enhance the glycolytic rate. The up-regulation of these two proteins has been established as an important factor in promoting development and metastasis in many types of cancer. Furthermore, other enzymes involved in glycolysis pathway such as phosphoglucose isomerase and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, exhibit additional functions in promoting tumor growth in a non-glycolytic way. This review demonstrates the pivotal role of GLUT1, HK2, PGI and GAPDH in cancer development. In particular, we look at how the multifunctional proteins, PGI and GAPDH, affect cancer cell survival. We also present various clinical cancer cases in terms of the overexpression of selected proteins, which may be considered as a therapeutic target.

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Section: Glut1 Causes An Up-regulation In Glucose Up-takementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glut1 Causes An Up-regulation In Glucose Up-takementioning

confidence: 99%

Up-regulation of key glycolysis proteins in cancer development

2018

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“…This may have a more specific and powerful role in enhancing the sensitivity of tumour cells to basic chemotherapy drugs. 5,49…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth of invasion and GLUT-1 as risk predictors in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Ganvir

Bamane

Katkade

et al. 2017

Translational Research in Oral Oncology

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Object: Predictor of the risk of subclinical nodal metastasis in early oral cancer would be of significant benefit in determining the need for elective neck dissection or adjuvant therapy. Depth of invasion (DOI) and glucose transporter (GLUT-1) expression have been assigned an independent prognostic significance in predicting the risk of nodal metastasis. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the mechanisms linking GLUT-1 expression to DOI in progressive grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Method: The GLUT-1 expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry, and its association with the DOI was assessed in 90 patients in progressive histological grades of OSCC. Result: We hypothesized that OSCC characterized by high frequency of lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, or local recurrences showed highly significant statistical correlation of DOI with the GLUT-1 over expression at the invasion front in progressive histological grades of OSCC, thereby revealing their potential role in predicting both tumour aggressiveness and prognosis. Conclusion: The correlation of these two parameters, that is, DOI with GLUT-1 over expression at the invasion front, used simultaneously in progressive histological grades of OSCC, might have a significant prognostic value by highlighting those cases that should be subjected to further lymph node assessment, thereby predicting their risk of occult metastasis, assisting in the selection of patients requiring more aggressive therapy.

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“…An outstanding biochemical characteristic of neoplastic tissues is that despite ample oxygen supply, glycolysis is the dominant pathway for adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) production, a phenomenon termed "the Warburg effect" (Zheng et al, 2012). The Warburg effect, also known as aerobic glycolysis, is defined as the propensity of cancer cells to take up high levels of glucose and to secrete lactate in the presence of oxygen.…”

Section: Targeting Glucose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cancer cells, the activities or expression levels of many enzymes participating in glucose metabolism are altered, those involved in glycolysis in particular. The glycolysis commonly refers to the reactions that covert glucose into pyruvate or lactate (Zheng et al, 2012). It has been hypothesized that targeting glucose metabolism may provide a selective mechanism by which to kill cancer cells.…”

Section: Targeting Glucose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endpoint of Cancer Treatment: Targeted Therapies

Topçul

Çeti̇n²

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Nowadays there are several limitations in cancer treatment. One of these is the use of conventional medicines which not only target cancer cells and thus also cause high toxicity precluding effective treatment. Recent elucidation of mechanisms that cause cancer has led to discovery of novel key molecules and pathways which have have become successful targets for the treatments that eliminate only cancer cells. These so-called targeted therapies offer new hope for millions of cancer patients, as briefly reveiwed here focusing on different types of agents, like PARP, CDK, tyrosine kinase, farnysyl transferase and proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and antiangiogenic agents.

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Glucose Metabolism and Cancer

Cited by 5 publications

References 94 publications

Up-regulation of key glycolysis proteins in cancer development

Up-regulation of key glycolysis proteins in cancer development

Depth of invasion and GLUT-1 as risk predictors in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Endpoint of Cancer Treatment: Targeted Therapies

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