Glucose Absorption in the Rat Small Intestine under Experimental Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Громова, Л. В.; Полозов, А. С.; Kornyushin, O. V.; Grefner, N. M.; Dmitrieva, Yu. V.; Алексеева, А. С.; Груздков, А. А.

doi:10.1134/s0022093019020091

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In our study, using rats with T2D caused by a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin, increased absorption of glucose in the small intestine was determined in vivo in the absence of anesthesia and surgery. There was also a tendency to an increase in the SGLT1 content and a noticeable decrease in the GLUT2 content in the apical membrane of enterocytes as determined by the immunohistochemistry, as well as a tendency to an increase in the number of enterocytes on the villi of the jejunum [ 20 ].…”

Section: Adaptive Reactions Of Transporters Sglt1 Glut2 and Paracellular Transport In Metabolic Disease Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These mechanisms are also under the modulatory effects of intestinal peptide hormones and potentially probiotics (see below). The same glucose absorption pathways and localization of SGLT1 and GLUT2 transporters are present in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but in latter case, SGLT1-mediated glucose uptake is increased [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], and paracellular glucose transport in the water flux also appears to increase (see below). As for the facilitated diffusion of glucose through the apical membrane by GLUT2, the data are inconsistent [ 16 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 23 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of Glucose Absorption in the Small Intestine in Health and Metabolic Diseases and Their Role in Appetite Regulation

2021

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The worldwide prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes shows an upward trend in recent decades. A characteristic feature of these diseases is hyperglycemia which can be associated with hyperphagia. Absorption of glucose in the small intestine physiologically contributes to the regulation of blood glucose levels, and hence, appears as a putative target for treatment of hyperglycemia. In fact, recent progress in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of glucose absorption in the gut and its reabsorption in the kidney helped to develop a new strategy of diabetes treatment. Changes in blood glucose levels are also involved in regulation of appetite, suggesting that glucose absorption may be relevant to hyperphagia in metabolic diseases. In this review we discuss the mechanisms of glucose absorption in the small intestine in physiological conditions and their alterations in metabolic diseases as well as their relevance to the regulation of appetite. The key role of SGLT1 transporter in intestinal glucose absorption in both physiological conditions and in diabetes was clearly established. We conclude that although inhibition of small intestinal glucose absorption represents a valuable target for the treatment of hyperglycemia, it is not always suitable for the treatment of hyperphagia. In fact, independent regulation of glucose absorption and appetite requires a more complex approach for the treatment of metabolic diseases.

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Section: Adaptive Reactions Of Transporters Sglt1 Glut2 and Paracellular Transport In Metabolic Disease Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Glucose Absorption in the Small Intestine in Health and Metabolic Diseases and Their Role in Appetite Regulation

2021

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“…Additionally, the study also attempted to understand the effect of Vasant Kusumakar Ras on intestinal glucose uptake. According to the published studies, the rats with diabetes induced through HFD and low-dose STZ showed increased absorption of glucose in the small intestine 23 . Correspondingly the treatment with Vasant Kusumakar Ras opposed this phenomenon (Table 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic Activity of <i>Vasant Kusumakar Ras</i> in Streptozotocin and High Fat Diet Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Sprague Dawley Rats

Gaidhani¹,

Ala²,

Reddy³

et al. 2023

JNR

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Background: VasantKusumakar Ras (VK Ras) is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation used in the treatment of Type-2 diabetes mellitus. Despite its clinical anti-diabetic claims, no pre-clinical attempts were made to rule out its efficacy as an antidiabetic agent. Objectives: The present study was carried out to find the anti-diabetic effect of VK Ras against a High-Fat Diet (HFD), and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetes and to explore the mode of action of VK Ras. Materials and Methods: Different doses of VK Ras were administered to diabetic rats for 35 days. The biochemical markers analysis, intestinal glucose uptake, and liver glycogen content were estimated at the end of the study and also vital organs were weighed and subjected to histopathological evaluation. Results: VK Ras treatment reduced blood glucose in a dose-dependent manner. The insulin, HbA1C, HOMA-IR, and lipid profiles were improved in VK Ras-treated animals as compared to diabetic control animals. The relative organ weights were changed in diabetic rats, and treatment with VK Ras corrected the organ weights. Intestinal glucose uptake and liver glycogen content were decreased with treatment. Further, the histopathological analysis of the pancreas and other vital organs had shown that dose-dependent restoration of organ function with VK Ras treatment. Conclusions: VK Ras treatment reduces insulin resistance as well as corrects the lipid, hepatic and renal abnormalities that arise from diabetes, these effects may be mediated by interfering with glucose transport from the gut and insulin release from the β pancreatic cells.

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“…At the same time, strong evidence has been obtained showing that the SGLT1 transporter plays a predominant role in the absorption of glucose in the small intestine under normal conditions, and its contribution to this process increases markedly in type 1 and 2 diabetes [4,[13][14][15][16][17]. As to the response of the GLUT2 transporter to type 2 diabetes, the available data are contradictory [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance on Digestive Enzymes and Glucose Absorption in the Small Intestine of Young Rats

et al. 2022

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The reactions of intestinal functional parameters to type 2 diabetes at a young age remain unclear. The study aimed to assess changes in the activity of intestinal enzymes, glucose absorption, transporter content (SGLT1, GLUT2) and intestinal structure in young Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). To induce these conditions in the T2D (n = 4) and IGT (n = 6) rats, we used a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin. Rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) (n = 6) or a standard diet (SCD) (n = 6) were used as controls. The results showed that in T2D rats, the ability of the small intestine to absorb glucose was higher in comparison to HFD rats (p < 0.05). This was accompanied by a tendency towards an increase in the number of enterocytes on the villi of the small intestine in the absence of changes in the content of SGLT1 and GLUT2 in the brush border membrane of the enterocytes. T2D rats also showed lower maltase and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in the jejunal mucosa compared to the IGT rats (p < 0.05) and lower AP activity in the colon contents compared to the HFD (p < 0.05) and IGT (p < 0.05) rats. Thus, this study provides insights into the adaptation of the functional and structural parameters of the small intestine in the development of type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in young representatives.

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Glucose Absorption in the Rat Small Intestine under Experimental Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Mechanisms of Glucose Absorption in the Small Intestine in Health and Metabolic Diseases and Their Role in Appetite Regulation

Mechanisms of Glucose Absorption in the Small Intestine in Health and Metabolic Diseases and Their Role in Appetite Regulation

Antidiabetic Activity of <i>Vasant Kusumakar Ras</i> in Streptozotocin and High Fat Diet Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Sprague Dawley Rats

Effect of Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance on Digestive Enzymes and Glucose Absorption in the Small Intestine of Young Rats

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