Glucocorticoid Receptor in Magnocellular Neurosecretory Cells

Kiss, József Zoltán; Eekelen, Anke van; Reul, Johannes M. H. M.; Westphal, Hannes M.; Kloet, E. Ronald de

doi:10.1210/endo-122-2-444

Cited by 90 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…There is growing evidence for the participation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the adaptive responses following changes in blood volume and osmolality. The presence of the cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has already been reported in the SON (13) and also in the parvocellular portion of the PVN, where this receptor is predominantly co-expressed with corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) (14). Furthermore, AVP and OT are weak secretagogues of adrenocorticotropic hormone (15)(16)(17), strongly suggesting an interaction between the HPA axis and the secretion of neurohypophyseal hormones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Central actions of glucocorticoids in the control of body fluid homeostasis: Review

Ruginsk

Silva

Ventura

et al. 2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the control of body fluid homeostasis has been extensively investigated in the past few years. In the present study, we reviewed the recent results obtained using different approaches to investigate the effects of glucocorticoids on the mechanisms of oxytocin and vasopressin synthesis and secretion in response to acute and chronic plasma volume and osmolality changes. The data presented here suggest that glucocorticoids are not only involved in the mechanisms underlying the fast release but also in the transcriptional events that lead to decreased synthesis and secretion of these neuropeptides, particularly oxytocin, under diverse experimental conditions of altered fluid volume and tonicity. The endocannabinoid system, through its effects on glutamatergic neurotransmission within the hypothalamus and the nuclear factor κB-mediated transcriptional activity, seems to be also involved in the specific mechanisms by which glucocorticoids exert their central effects on neurohypophyseal hormone synthesis and secretion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Central actions of glucocorticoids in the control of body fluid homeostasis: Review

Ruginsk

Silva

Ventura

et al. 2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…The specificity of our monoclonal antibody has previously been thoroughly discussed (10)(11)(12). The absence of staining by protein A-gold alone, receptor unrelated monoclonal antibodies and preabsorbed antiserum, suggests that non-immunological binding of the monoclonal antibody to tissue components can be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Glucocorticoid Receptor Immunoreactivity in the Rat Intermediate Lobe

Bertini

Westphal²,

Kloet

et al. 1989

J Neuroendocrinology

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Cells containing Type II glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity were identified in the rat pituitary gland by immunocytochemistry using a specific monoclonal antibody. At light microscopic level, GR immunoreactive cells were located in the intermediate lobe in addition to the well known GR-containing cell population in the anterior lobe. In both groups of cells GR appeared predominantly in the cell nuclei. Adrenalectomy resulted in a decrease in staining intensity of the anterior lobe and changed the pattern of fluorescence in a minority of cells where cytoplasmic staining became predominant. These changes appeared less marked in the intermediate lobe. Dexamethasone administration reversed the adrenalectomy-induced alterations of GR staining in both lobes. At the electron microscopic level, GR immunoreactive sites were revealed by the protein A-gold technique. In contrast to the distribution of fluorescence, GR was localized in cell nuclei as well as in the cytoplasm in both lobes. Quantitative estimates indicate that about 40% more immunoreactive sites are present in the anterior lobe than in the intermediate lobe. The presence of GR in the intermediate lobe suggests that this pituitary region, like the anterior lobe, is influenced by glucocorticoid hormones.

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“…However, this may reflect the hydromineral derangement consequent to adrenalectomy, rather than direct effect of glucocorticoids on ERβ expression [75]. The absence of glucocorticoid receptor expression in SON in normally hydrated rats supports this view [3,31,92]. Similarly changes reported during lactation in ERβ mRNA in SON VP neurons may reflect the impact of milk production on fluid balance.…”

Section: Other Regulators Of Erβ Expression In Magnocellular Vp Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Estrogen receptors: Their roles in regulation of vasopressin release for maintenance of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis

Sladek

Somponpun

2008

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

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Long standing interest in the impact of gonadal steroid hormones on fluid and electrolyte balance has led to a body of literature filled with conflicting reports about gender differences, the effects of gonadectomy, hormone replacement, and reproductive cycles on plasma vasopressin (VP), VP secretion, and VP gene expression. This reflects the complexity of gonadal steroid hormone actions in the body resulting from multiple sites of action that impact fluid and electrolyte balance (e.g. VP target organs, afferent pathways regulating the VP neurons, and the VP secreting neurons themselves). It also reflects involvement of multiple types of estrogen receptors (ER) in these diverse sites including ERs that act as transcription factors regulating gene expression (i.e. the classic ERα as well as the more recently discovered ERβ) and potentially G-protein coupled, membrane localized ERs that mediate rapid non-genomic actions of estrogen. Furthermore, altered expression of these receptors in physiologically diverse conditions of fluid and electrolyte balance contributes to the difficulty of using simplistic approaches such as gender comparisons, gonadectomy, and hormone replacement to assess the role of gonadal steroids in regulation of VP secretion for maintenance of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. This review catalogs these inconsistencies and provides a frame work for understanding them by describing: 1) the effect of gonadal steroids on target organ responsiveness to VP; 2) the expression of multiple types of estrogen receptors in the VP neurons and in brain regions monitoring feedback signals from the periphery; and 3) the impact of dehydration and hyponatremia on expression of these receptors.

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Glucocorticoid Receptor in Magnocellular Neurosecretory Cells

Cited by 90 publications

References 24 publications

Central actions of glucocorticoids in the control of body fluid homeostasis: Review

Central actions of glucocorticoids in the control of body fluid homeostasis: Review

Glucocorticoid Receptor Immunoreactivity in the Rat Intermediate Lobe

Estrogen receptors: Their roles in regulation of vasopressin release for maintenance of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis

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