Glucocorticoid activity, inactivity and the osteoblast

Cooper, Mark S.; Hewison, Martin; Stewart, Paul M.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1630159

Cited by 70 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Along with mineral formation, collagen type I and osteocalcin were downregulated under those conditions. As reviewed in the literature, this inhibition typically occurs in glucocorticoid-induced osteogenesis, 42 when cells are in a mature osteoblastic stage, 43 which correlates with the results shown here. On the other hand, dexamethasone was found to be counterproductive for osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cultures in 2D (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Development of a Three-Dimensional Bone-Like Construct in a Soft Self-Assembling Peptide Matrix

Marí-Buyé

Luque

Navajas

et al. 2013

Tissue Engineering Part A

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This work describes the development of a three-dimensional (3D) model of osteogenesis using mouse preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and a soft synthetic matrix made out of self-assembling peptide nanofibers. By adjusting the matrix stiffness to very low values (around 120 Pa), cells were found to migrate within the matrix, interact forming a cell-cell network, and create a contracted and stiffer structure. Interestingly, during this process, cells spontaneously upregulate the expression of bone-related proteins such as collagen type I, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin, indicating that the 3D environment enhances their osteogenic potential. However, unlike MC3T3-E1 cultures in 2D, the addition of dexamethasone is required to acquire a final mature phenotype characterized by features such as matrix mineralization. Moreover, a slight increase in the hydrogel stiffness (threefold) or the addition of a cell contractility inhibitor (Rho kinase inhibitor) abrogates cell elongation, migration, and 3D culture contraction. However, this mechanical inhibition does not seem to noticeably affect the osteogenic process, at least at early culture times. This 3D bone model intends to emphasize cell-cell interactions, which have a critical role during tissue formation, by using a compliant unrestricted synthetic matrix.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Development of a Three-Dimensional Bone-Like Construct in a Soft Self-Assembling Peptide Matrix

Marí-Buyé

Luque

Navajas

et al. 2013

Tissue Engineering Part A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, distinct phases of PLA proliferation, matrix synthesis, and mineralization could be discerned in osteo-induced PLA cultures, consistent with results observed in osteoblast cultures (online Figure S4). However, recent work has questioned the efficacy of glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone, in mediating osteogenesis (Cooper et al, 1999). Therefore, PLA cells were induced in OM containing 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (VD) rather than dexamethasone.…”

Section: Pla Cells Undergo Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Adipose Tissue Is a Source of Multipotent Stem Cells

Zuk

Zhu

Ashjian

et al. 2002

MBoC

5,914

144

4,535

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Much of the work conducted on adult stem cells has focused on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) found within the bone marrow stroma. Adipose tissue, like bone marrow, is derived from the embryonic mesenchyme and contains a stroma that is easily isolated. Preliminary studies have recently identified a putative stem cell population within the adipose stromal compartment. This cell population, termed processed lipoaspirate (PLA) cells, can be isolated from human lipoaspirates and, like MSCs, differentiate toward the osteogenic, adipogenic, myogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. To confirm whether adipose tissue contains stem cells, the PLA population and multiple clonal isolates were analyzed using several molecular and biochemical approaches. PLA cells expressed multiple CD marker antigens similar to those observed on MSCs. Mesodermal lineage induction of PLA cells and clones resulted in the expression of multiple lineage-specific genes and proteins. Furthermore, biochemical analysis also confirmed lineage-specific activity. In addition to mesodermal capacity, PLA cells and clones differentiated into putative neurogenic cells, exhibiting a neuronal-like morphology and expressing several proteins consistent with the neuronal phenotype. Finally, PLA cells exhibited unique characteristics distinct from those seen in MSCs, including differences in CD marker profile and gene expression.

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“…These nodules demonstrate the morphological and biochemical characteristics of embryonic/woven bone and are a useful quantitative assay of osteoblast commitment and bone formation in vitro [17,18]. …”

Section: Induction Of Pgcs Differentiation To Osteoblastsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Isolation, Culture and Biological Characteristics of Primordial Germ Cells from Beijing Fatty Chicken

Wang

Hou

et al. 2010

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The aim of this study was to explore the isolation and culture process of Beijing fatty chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) and investigate their biological characteristics. The PGCs isolated from the genital ridges of Beijing fatty chicken (Gallus domesticus) embryos after 5.5 days of incubation were co-cultured with mice embryonic fibroblasts (MEF). The results showed that the PGCs of the Beijing fatty chicken were positive for periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining. These cells could proliferate for a prolonged time in vitro and maintain diploid karyotype. Immunocytochemical staining showed that they expressed SSEA-1, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and TRA-1-81, and real-time PCR showed that they expressed Cvh, CDH and Dazl. They could form simple embryoid bodies and differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro. In addition, after transfected with pEGFP-N3, pEYFP-N1 and pDsRed-N1 vectors by liposomal transfection, enhanced green, yellow and red fluorescent protein-positive cells could be visualized using a laser confocal microscope. The above results suggested that PGCs from the Beijing fatty chicken not only had strong self-renewal ability, but also had the potential to differentiate towards mesoblast cells. These cells are suitable for genetic manipulation as nuclear donors. s progenitors of spermatogonia and oogonia, PGCs are characterized by their pluripotency, and therefore represent a good model for the study of embryo development in vitro. Owing to their physiological and developmental characteristics, the avian, especially the chicken, has great value in transgenic research. An efficient transfer system of using chicken gonadal PGCs for producing germline chimeras has been established [1]. Production of transgenic chickens will supply tremendous bioactive materials for human pharmaceutics and functional food development. In chicken germ cell research, it is occasionally considered that SSEA-1 and PAS-positive cells are presumptive PGCs, and the pluripotency of candidate PGCs has been confirmed by induction of germline transmission via the transfer of cells into recipient embryos [2]. Apparently, the former method is somewhat insufficient to fully characterize chicken PGCs, while the latter is too complicated and time-consuming. Therefore, additional effort to identify the characterization of chicken PGCs comprehensively is urgently required for further development of avian transgenic systems.In this report, PGCs were isolated from the genital ridges of Beijing fatty chicken embryos. After proliferating in vitro for a prolonged period, they can maintain diploid karyotype, express a set of typical markers of ES cells and differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the chicken PGCs had a relatively high cloning efficiency and could be used as nuclear donors to accept transgenes readily. Materials and Methods Preparation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF)Fibroblasts were isolated from mouse embryos on day 13.5, and cultured in Dulbecco's modifi...

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Glucocorticoid activity, inactivity and the osteoblast

Cited by 70 publications

References 33 publications

Development of a Three-Dimensional Bone-Like Construct in a Soft Self-Assembling Peptide Matrix

Development of a Three-Dimensional Bone-Like Construct in a Soft Self-Assembling Peptide Matrix

Human Adipose Tissue Is a Source of Multipotent Stem Cells

Isolation, Culture and Biological Characteristics of Primordial Germ Cells from Beijing Fatty Chicken

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