Glucagon and Neuromedin U Suppress Food Intake in Broiler Chicks

Honda, Kazuhisa; Saneyasu, Takaoki; Okuda, Masahiko; Uemura, Taku; Kamisoyama, Hiroshi

doi:10.2141/jpsa.0150020

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…NMU also modulates the Fos-like immunoreactivity in oxytocin- and/or vasopressin-containing neurons in the hypothalamus in mammals [ 33 ]. In chickens, NMU suppresses food intake by inducing the anorexigenic pathway downstream mediated by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) [ 34 ], which is a candidate signal molecule for regulating appetite and energy in poultry [ 35 ]. Similarly, PPARGC1 α with significantly reduced gene expression in the hypothalamus of 3-week-old cockerels is associated with the stimulation of food intake and the inflammatory response [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Changes in Broiler Chicken Hypothalamus during Growth and Development

Piórkowska

Żukowski

Połtowicz

et al. 2018

International Journal of Genomics

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The hypothalamus plays an overarching role that is reflected in the physiological processes observed in the entire organism. The hypothalamus regulates selected metabolic processes and activities of the autonomic nervous system. The avian hypothalamus due to the structural complexity is not well described and has a slightly different function than the mammalian hypothalamus that is the subject of numerous studies. The present study evaluated activities of hypothalamic genes in fast-growing chickens during development (at the 1st day and 3rd and 6th weeks after hatching). The hypothalamic transcriptomes for 3- and 6-week-old cockerels were analysed using an RNA sequencing method in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The differentially expressed gene analysis was conducted using DESeq2 software. In younger 22-day-old cockerels, 389 genes showed higher expression (fold change > 1.5) than that in 45-day-old birds. These genes played a role in several biological processes because they encoded proteins involved in integrin signalling, regulation of hormone levels, camera-type eye development, and blood vessel development. Moreover, surprisingly in the hypothalamus of 3-week-old cockerels, transcripts were identified for proteins involved in both anorexigenic (POMC, NMU) and orexigenic (PMCH, ALDH1A1, LPL, and GHRH) pathways. The RNA-seq results were confirmed by qPCR methods. In summary, the intensive growth of 3-week-old chickens was reflected in hypothalamic activities because the genes associated with the somatotropin axis and regulation of satiety centre showed increased expression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Changes in Broiler Chicken Hypothalamus during Growth and Development

Piórkowska

Żukowski

Połtowicz

et al. 2018

International Journal of Genomics

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“…The diencephalon was collected and preserved in RNAlater ® tissue storage reagent (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA). Total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed as described previously (Honda et al, 2015). cDNA of NPY (GenBank accession no.…”

Section: Experiments 1 Effect Of Central Administration Of Igf-1 On Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 in the Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior in Chicks

et al. 2019

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Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a key regulator of muscle development and metabolism in chickens. Recently, we have demonstrated that intracerebroventricular administration of IGF-1 significantly decreased food intake in broiler chicks. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the IGF-1-induced anorexia and the anorexigenic effect of IGF-1 in different strains of commercial chicks have not been investigated. Neuropeptide Y (NPY, a hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptide), agouti-related protein (AgRP, a hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptide), and proopiomelanocortin (POMC, the precursor of hypothalamic anorexigenic neuropeptides) play important roles in the regulation of food intake in both mammals and chickens. Evidence shows that several cell signaling pathways in the hypothalamus are involved in regulating the feeding behavior of mammals. In the present study, we first investigated the effects of IGF-1 on the expression of appetite-regulating neuropeptides and phosphorylation of signaling molecules in the hypothalamus of broiler chicks. Intracerebroventricular administration of IGF-1 significantly increased the mRNA levels of POMC, whereas the mRNA levels of NPY and AgRP were not significantly altered. IGF-1 also significantly induced the phosphorylation of v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT) in the hypothalamus of chicks, but did not influence the phosphorylation of forkhead box O1, S6 protein, AMP-activated protein kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. We also compared the effect of IGF-1 on food intake in broiler chicks (a hyperphagic strain of chickens) and layer chicks. Results demonstrated that the threshold of IGF-1-induced anorexia in broiler chicks was higher than that in layer chicks. Our observations suggest that hypothalamic POMC and AKT may be involved in the IGF-1-induced anorexigenic pathway and that high threshold of IGF-1-induced anorexia in broiler chicks might be one of the causes of hyperphagia in broiler chicks. Overall, it appears that IGF-1 plays important roles in the central regulation of feeding behavior in chicks.

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“…This study was approved by the divided into six regions (telencephalon, optic lobes, cerebellum, rostral part of the brainstem, middle part of the brainstem, and caudal part of the brainstem) as described previously [1]. Total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed using the Sepazol-RNA I (Nacalai Tesque, Inc., Kyoto, Japan) and ReverTra Ace® qPCR RT Master Mix with gDNA Remover (Toyobo Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan) as described previously [15]. Complementary DNA of ribosomal protein S17 (GenBank accession number: NM_204217) as an internal standard was amplified with primers as described previously [16].…”

Section: Animals and Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central and peripheral administrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 suppress food intake in chicks

Fujita

Honda

Hiramoto

et al. 2017

Physiology & Behavior

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A number of studies have been made on the physiological actions of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in mammals and birds. In mammals, the effects of central administration of IGF-1 on food intake have been examined. For example, intracerebroventricular administration of IGF-1 significantly decreased food intake in diabetic rats, but not in sheep and nondiabetic rats. The chicken is known to be a hyperglycemic animal. Like satiety hormones, plasma IGF-1 levels are elevated postprandially in chickens. In this study, we hypothesized that IGF-1 is involved in the regulation of food intake in chickens. Intracerebroventricular administration of IGF-1 significantly suppressed food intake in chicks in a dose dependent manner. Both the mRNAs of IGF-1 and its receptor were expressed throughout the brain. However, the mRNA levels of IGF-1 were not influenced by fasting and refeeding in all regions of the brain. On the other hand, 6h of fasting significantly suppressed mRNA expression of hepatic IGF-1, and this effect was significantly reversed by 6h of refeeding. Furthermore, intravascular administration of IGF-1 significantly suppressed food intake in chicks. These findings suggest that IGF-1 may function as a satiety hormone in chickens.

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Glucagon and Neuromedin U Suppress Food Intake in Broiler Chicks

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Transcriptomic Changes in Broiler Chicken Hypothalamus during Growth and Development

Transcriptomic Changes in Broiler Chicken Hypothalamus during Growth and Development

Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 in the Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior in Chicks

Central and peripheral administrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 suppress food intake in chicks

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