“Glu/GABA-Gln” metabolic loop abnormalities in iminodipropionitrile (IDPN)-induced dyskinetic syndrome

Hao, Juanjuan; Jiang, Keyu; Zhang, Xin; Wu, Min; Ma, Bitao

doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05570-y

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This circulation is thought to prevent neuroexcitability caused by the production of too much Glu in the brain. GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, which is directly synthesized by Glu through glutamate decarboxylase [ 32 ]. Meanwhile, the imbalance of Glu-GABA concentration has been considered as another hypothesis for the occurrence of migraine [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the correlation of the asymmetric regulation between the periaqueductal gray and the bilateral trigeminal nucleus caudalis in migraine male rats

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2023

J Headache Pain

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Background The study was designed to explore the correlation of the asymmetric regulation between periaqueductal gray (PAG) and bilateral trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) in migraine rats through studying the changes of metabolites in pain regulatory pathway of acute migraine attack. Methods Thirty male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: blank, control, model groups. Then, blank group was intraperitoneally injected with ultrapure water, while control group injected with saline and model group injected with Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN). Two hours later, PAG and bilateral TNC were removed respectively, and metabolite concentrations of PAG, Left-TNC, Right-TNC were obtained. Lastly, the differences of metabolite among three brain tissues were compared. Results The relative concentrations of rNAA, rGlu, rGln, rTau, rMI in PAG or bilateral TNC had interaction effects between groups and sites. The concentration of rLac of three brain tissues increased in migraine rats, however, the rLac of LTNC and RTNC increased more than that of PAG. Besides, the concentrations of rNAA and rGln increased in RTNC, while rGABA decreased in RTNC. Conclusions There is correlation between PAG, LTNC and RTNC in regulation of pain during acute migraine attack, and the regulation of LTNC and RTNC on pain is asymmetric.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the correlation of the asymmetric regulation between the periaqueductal gray and the bilateral trigeminal nucleus caudalis in migraine male rats

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2023

J Headache Pain

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“…As GABAA expression increases, the balance between GABA and Glu changes (Glykys et al 2019). Glu and GABA metabolism in the brain occurs primarily through the Glu/GABA-Gln metabolic loop (Hao et al 2021). A variety of neuropsychiatric disorders may be associated with this metabolic loop according to recent studies (Héja et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ziwuliuzhu Acupuncture Modulates Glu/GABA‑Gln Metabolic Loop Abnormalities in Insomniac Rats

Huang¹,

Pi²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Ziwuliuzhu acupuncture is widely considered an effective treatment for insomnia in clinics, but little is known about its possible mechanisms. This study investigated the therapeutic effect of Ziwuliuzhu acupuncture on insomnia and its regulatory mechanism on the glutamic acid (Glu)/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutamine (Gln) metabolic loop in a rat model of insomnia. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathological tissue in the hypothalamus. The levels of the neurotransmitters Glu and GABA in the hypothalamus were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of the GABAA receptor in the hypothalamus. The expression levels of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65/67) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in the hypothalamus were determined by Western blotting. Compared with the model group, the Ziwuliuzhu acupuncture groups showed decreased Glu levels (p < 0.001) and GABAA receptor expression (p < 0.01), increased GABA levels (p < 0.05), and a decreased Glu/GABA ratio. In comparison to the model group, Ziwuliuzhu acupuncture increased the protein expression of GAD65 (p < 0.001) and GAD67 (p < 0.05) in the hypothalamus and reduced the expression of GS (p < 0.01). Glu/GABA-Gln metabolism may be regulated by Ziwuliuzhu acupuncture to produce sedative and hypnotic effects, affecting Glu and GABA synthesis and decomposition, as well as restoring the excitatory/inhibitory balance between Glu and GABA.

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“…The γ-GABA abnormality is present in many diseases and can be served as potential target. It was reported that abnormalities in Glu/GABA-Gln are present in rat dyskinetic syndrome, and the amino acid neurotransmitter imbalance was improved by “Tiapride,” which also increased the expression of GS and EAAT2 protein, decreased Glu levels, increased γ-GABA levels, and increased γ-GABA levels ( 89 ). Additionally, treatment with 10 mM γ-GABA considerably slowed down the loss of malate and titratable acidity and increased the levels of succinate and oxalate.…”

Section: Crosstalk Between Neuroendocrine Regulation and Tumor Cell M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, GABA administration drastically decreased ethylene production while also downregulating the expression of MdACS, MdACO, and MdERF. GABA therapy also boosted the accumulation of GABA and improved the function of the GABA shunt ( 89 ). The GABA A receptor agonist muscimol promotes gastric cancer cell growth by triggering mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK).…”

Section: Crosstalk Between Neuroendocrine Regulation and Tumor Cell M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging role of substance and energy metabolism associated with neuroendocrine regulation in tumor cells

Liu

Gao

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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Cancer is the second most common cause of mortality in the world. One of the unresolved difficult pathological mechanism issues in malignant tumors is the imbalance of substance and energy metabolism of tumor cells. Cells maintain life through energy metabolism, and normal cells provide energy through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP, while tumor cells demonstrate different energy metabolism. Neuroendocrine control is crucial for tumor cells’ consumption of nutrients and energy. As a result, better combinatorial therapeutic approaches will be made possible by knowing the neuroendocrine regulating mechanism of how the neuroendocrine system can fuel cellular metabolism. Here, the basics of metabolic remodeling in tumor cells for nutrients and metabolites are presented, showing how the neuroendocrine system regulates substance and energy metabolic pathways to satisfy tumor cell proliferation and survival requirements. In this context, targeting neuroendocrine regulatory pathways in tumor cell metabolism can beneficially enhance or temper tumor cell metabolism and serve as promising alternatives to available treatments.

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“Glu/GABA-Gln” metabolic loop abnormalities in iminodipropionitrile (IDPN)-induced dyskinetic syndrome

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

A study on the correlation of the asymmetric regulation between the periaqueductal gray and the bilateral trigeminal nucleus caudalis in migraine male rats

A study on the correlation of the asymmetric regulation between the periaqueductal gray and the bilateral trigeminal nucleus caudalis in migraine male rats

Ziwuliuzhu Acupuncture Modulates Glu/GABA‑Gln Metabolic Loop Abnormalities in Insomniac Rats

Emerging role of substance and energy metabolism associated with neuroendocrine regulation in tumor cells

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