Glory and misery of biochar

Maroušek, Josef; Vochоzka, Marek; Plachý, Jan; Žák, Jaroslav

doi:10.1007/s10098-016-1284-y

Cited by 159 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Torrefaction products could be investigated for upgrading the biomass pyrolysis products. It could improve the properties of fuel while increasing metal contents of sample, and it was reported that water and acid content was reduced while increasing phenol content of bio‐oil , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It could improve the properties of fuel while increasing metal contents of sample, and it was reported Nomenclature: HHV, higher heating value (MJ kg −1 ); H/C, hydrogen per carbon ratio (−); O/C, oxygen per carbon ratio (−); m, mass (g); EDR, energy densification ratio (−); T, temperature (°C); t, residence time (min); Bd, bulk density (kg m −3 ); db, dry basis (−); N, nitrogen (%); VM, volatile matter (%); FC, fixed carbon (%); M, moisture content (%) that water and acid content was reduced while increasing phenol content of bio-oil. [6][7][8]9 The most important difference between torrefaction process and other thermal processes is the slow heating rate. In the process, minimum volatile loss and maximum production of solid fuel are aimed by ensuring removal of moisture and breaking of hydrogen bonds with the effect of temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upgrading lignocellulosic waste to fuel by torrefaction: Characterisation and process optimization by response surface methodology

Kutlu

Koçar

2018

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Torrefied biomass is a commercial fuel, which is particularly produced from woody biomass via torrefaction and alternative to coal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the short term. In this study, torrefaction conditions of cotton stalk were optimised, and the effect of bulk density together with temperature and residence time on process yields and characterisation of torrefied cotton stalk was investigated. Response surface methodology using Box‐Behnken design was employed for the design of experiments and optimization. Cotton stalk was torrefied at a temperature between 260°C and 320°C, in 10, 35, and 60 minutes with bulk density of 125, 150, and 175 kgm−3. Temperature was the most effective parameter for the six responses (higher heating value, carbon content, hydrogen/carbon and oxygen/carbon ratios, mass loss, and energy yield). Besides, temperature/bulk density interaction was found to be significant for all responses whereas residence time/bulk density interaction was effective for process yields. The optimization results showed that more economical torrefied biomass with similar quality of lignite could also be produced under process conditions of 305°C‐32 minutes‐158 kgm−3. At this point, higher heating value and carbon content of product were calculated as 19.7 MJ kg−1 and 64%, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading lignocellulosic waste to fuel by torrefaction: Characterisation and process optimization by response surface methodology

Kutlu

Koçar

2018

Int J Energy Res

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“…Biochar, as well as soil organic matter, can improve soil pore structure and enhance water retention due to its highly porous structure and large surface area (Verheijen et al, 2009;Ouyang and Zhang, 2013;Ulyett et al, 2014). The porous nature of biochar primarily affects the physical properties of the topsoil and is a source of organic carbon (Marousek et al, 2017;Tammeorg et al, 2017). The magnitude of this effect in our study depended on the biochar application rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The Impact of Woody Biochar on Microbial Processes in Conventionally and Organically Managed Arable soils

Cordovil

Pinto

Silva

et al. 2019

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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The impact of woody biochar on microbial processes in conventionally and organically managed arable soils Although environmental impacts of biochar are well characterized, impacts on soil quality, nutrient availability and crop productivity, still remain a challenge due to the diverse response of different soil types to different types of biochar, namely those obtained at low temperature. The impact of an alkaline woody biochar (two doses 5 and 10%) obtained at 280 o C, on soil enzyme activity, soil microbial respiration rate, mineral nitrogen availability and ammonia volatilization was studied in one conventionally and one organically managed soils, with and without the addition of urea or composted farmyard manure. Biochar additions had different effects on soil enzyme activity in both soils, suggesting lower decomposing microbial activity processes promoted by biochar. Both soils showed a similar decreasing trend regarding soil respiration rates for all treatments, and significant relationships were observed between the treatments with different rates of applied biochar, but not constant for the entire incubation period. Urea application increased soil mineral nitrogen concentrations, especially nitrate concentrations when biochar was applied as well. Biochar decreased ammonia volatilization from conventionally managed soil fertilized with urea, but did not have a significant effect when compost was added to the organically managed soil. Biochar altered microbial behaviour in soil, and was affected by previous soil management. So, the impact of biochar produced at low temperatures on soil biological processes is similar to those obtained at high temperature, thus proving that there is no need to increase the energy expenditure to produce biochar, to obtain a good product.

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“…Maroušek et al (2015) noticed that relationship of the Central European managers to the land differ from West Europeans managers, the managers in the Central Europe have problematic relationship to the environment. Maroušek, Vochozka, Plachý, and Žák (2017) mentioned that no revolution in environmental management is taking place because it depends on production costs and demand from the industry and energy sector. Mardoyan and Braun (2015) noticed that the situation is based on the attitudes of Czech government.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Environmental and Ethical Aspects of Interfunctional Coordination Lead to Smaller Business Performance?

Tomášková

Kaňovská

2019

Technological and Economic Development of Economy

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The paper deals with interfunctional coordination (IFC) from ethical and environmental point of view. It will be interesting to know if the parts of IFC connected with ethical and environmental aspects have positive or negative influence on business performance. Data was gained from 60 SMEs producing electrical equipment and electronic components in the Czech Republic. Survey questionnaire and critical discussion with the literature were used. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test and Bartett’s sphericity test were applied. For analysing the influence of ethical and environmental aspect on business performance Spearman’s rank correlation was used. The results show: (1) a positive relation between ethical aspects and business performance, (2) no positive relation between implementation of environmental aspects and business performance, and (3) no difference in results in marketing business performance and financial business performance. The results can suggest that a preference towards ethical decisions and behaviour leads to a higher business performance and by contraries, environmental aspects leads to smaller business performance. The collected data shows that environmental and ethical decisions of managers in the Czech Republic can differ from environmental and ethical decisions of managers in different countries.

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Glory and misery of biochar

Cited by 159 publications

References 52 publications

Upgrading lignocellulosic waste to fuel by torrefaction: Characterisation and process optimization by response surface methodology

Upgrading lignocellulosic waste to fuel by torrefaction: Characterisation and process optimization by response surface methodology

The Impact of Woody Biochar on Microbial Processes in Conventionally and Organically Managed Arable soils

Do Environmental and Ethical Aspects of Interfunctional Coordination Lead to Smaller Business Performance?

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