Globalisation and the Future of Terrorism

Lia, Brynjar

doi:10.4324/9780203488898

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In India, the youth unemployment is particularly high, especially among educated youths (McNally, Unni, and Cassen 2004, 162). This study will investigate two specific claims, whether youth bulges are more likely to be associated with political violence when urbanization is high (Goldstone 1991(Goldstone , 2001Lia 2005) and if they may pose a greater risk in states where the sex ratios are particularly skewed. Hudson and den Boer (2004) have suggested that great surpluses of young men represent a considerable security risk, and they mention India as a particularly vulnerable country because of high male to female ratios in certain states.…”

Section: Youth Bulgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population, Resources, and Political Violence

Urdal

2008

Journal of Conflict Resolution

161

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Recent cross-national studies have found only moderate support for the idea that population pressure and resource scarcity may lead to political violence, contrary to much of the case study literature in the field. This article suggests that the level of analysis may be at the heart of this discrepancy. In a time-series study of political violence in 27 Indian states for the 1956–2002 period, it is tested whether high population pressure on renewable natural resources, youth bulges, and differential growth rates between religious groups are associated with higher levels of armed conflict, political violent events, and Hindu-Muslim riots. The results are generally more supportive of the resource scarcity and conflict scenario than recent global studies. The article further suggests that youth bulges affect all three forms of violence and that differential growth rates are positively related to armed conflict.

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Section: Youth Bulgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population, Resources, and Political Violence

Urdal

2008

Journal of Conflict Resolution

161

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“…This being the case, many jihad feminists have subverted the Quranic role of Muslim women being equal in waging holy war against external threats to Islam. Firstly, the works of (Lia, 2007) highlights how jihad feminism promises and assures Muslim women that male ISIS fighters will guarantee women's security and that of their family members. What Lia (2007) is saying is that jihad feminists join the ISIS group so as to protect their children and families from the ravages of war in Syria and Iraq and not to wage holy war against external threats to Islam as commanded to women by the Quran.…”

Section: Surveying Scholarship On the Nexus Between Jihad Feminism Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, the works of (Lia, 2007) highlights how jihad feminism promises and assures Muslim women that male ISIS fighters will guarantee women's security and that of their family members. What Lia (2007) is saying is that jihad feminists join the ISIS group so as to protect their children and families from the ravages of war in Syria and Iraq and not to wage holy war against external threats to Islam as commanded to women by the Quran. Implicit in this is that jihad feminist cannot alter any power relations or male dominancy within the ISIS operations since their security is dependent not on women's capability to wage holy war but on that of their male counterparts.…”

Section: Surveying Scholarship On the Nexus Between Jihad Feminism Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Jihad Feminist Dynamics of Terrorism and Subordination of Women in the ISIS

Makanda

2019

GENEROS

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The increasing embeddedness of the jihad feminist within the Islamic State’s (ISIS) operations is eliciting works on the role of women in terrorism. However, there is yet to be a more constructive analysis that adequately accounts for the luring of Muslim women into the ISIS as a justification of the patriarchal beliefs and oppressive social systems. This paper is among the first attempts to draw on the Jihad Feminism Theory (JFT) to develop a conceptual discourse that explains the causal relationship between jihad feminist fighters and promotion of patriarchal practices and beliefs within the ISIS. Far from standing against any forms of Western feminization- as espoused by the ISS- , the paper argues that jihad feminism has further subverted Muslim women to sedentary roles within the ISIS as a way of sustaining the organisations’ operations and existence.

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“…Concurring with this, Goldstone (2001) notes that rapid increase in the number of educated youths has preceded historical episodes of political upheaval. Lia (2005) has argued that the expansion of higher education in many countries in the Middle East has produced large masses of unemployed and easily mobilizable youths, which has had a radicalizing effect and provided new recruits to militant organizations (see also Campante & Chor, 2012, on the Arab Spring). An important policy question arising from this discussion is how countries are best advised to expand educational opportunities in order to avoid instability.…”

Section: Educational Expansion and Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The argument relating social unrest to large numbers of university students without a prospect for adequate employment has been made with a particular reference to the Middle East (e.g., Lia, 2005). However, Barakat and Urdal (2009) still found no effect on civil conflict when they tested the tertiary expansion measure on a subsample of Middle Eastern and North African countries only.…”

Section: No Threat From Expanding Tertiary Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Education Lead to Pacification? A Systematic Review of Statistical Studies on Education and Political Violence

Østby

Urdal

Dupuy

2018

Review of Educational Research

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Does more education lead to less political violence, and may education thus be a tool for peace? This article provides the first systematic review of the existing quantitative literature on education and political violence. Looking at arguments pertaining to levels, expansion, inequality, and content of education, we identify 42 quantitative studies from the time period 1996 to 2016 that test the relationship between various measures of education and political violence. An emerging scholarly consensus seems to be that education has a general pacifying effect. However, this general conclusion is challenged by recent evidence showing above-average levels of education among terrorists and genocide perpetrators. This, as well as other findings, underscore that the relationship between education and political violence is complex and multidimensional, depending on type of political violence, mediating factors, and level of analysis. We conclude with policy implications from our findings and discuss directions for future analysis.

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Globalisation and the Future of Terrorism

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Population, Resources, and Political Violence

Population, Resources, and Political Violence

The Jihad Feminist Dynamics of Terrorism and Subordination of Women in the ISIS

Does Education Lead to Pacification? A Systematic Review of Statistical Studies on Education and Political Violence

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