Global warming drives changes in carnivore communities in the North Sahara Desert

Karssene, Yamna; Chammem, Mohsen; Khorchani, Touhami; Nouira, Saïd; Li, Fengqing

doi:10.3354/cr01463

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Although we confirmed our three predictions, there are considerable unexplained variations in the best models, and this is consistent with the findings of several similar studies (Angert et al., 2011; Karssene, Chammem, Khorchani, Nouira, & Li, 2017; Li et al., 2016; Mair et al., 2014). This may be because we examined only six drivers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Habitat availability and environmental preference drive species range shifts in concordance with climate change

Park

2020

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim A progressive increase in air temperature is recognized as the most important mechanistic driver of species range shifts. However, only a few studies have simultaneously considered the influence of both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanistic drivers; there are still no studies on the roles of extrinsic and intrinsic drivers that regulate such species changes. We investigated how species will shift their geographical ranges to cope with future climate change and analysed the relative importance of the mechanistic drivers in governing species range shifts. Location Sixteen countries in South, West and North Europe. Methods We used ensemble species distribution models on the European continental scale to predict 105 odonate species in response to climate change in the future decades until 2080s under three emission scenarios. We evaluated the projected changes in four community metrics (distribution area, optimum position, leading edge and trailing edge) and investigated how these changes are driven by extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Results The odonate species were predicted to shift their range margins poleward, with a higher migration rate towards the trailing edge (2.38‒10.34 km/year) than the leading edge (1.13‒2.00 km/year). Contrary to the assumption that the response of the odonate species to climate change will linearly accelerate over time, the distribution areas of odonate species were predicted to increase until 2050s and then decline until 2080s under RCP 2.6 (representative concentration pathway). However, their distributions under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 were predicted to decrease over time, with a higher rate under RCP 8.5. Overall, environmental preference and habitat override dispersal ability govern the range shift of odonate species. Main conclusions Quantifying the relative importance of extrinsic and intrinsic factors across a large spatial scale under different emission scenarios can help understand the mechanistic processes to facilitate species range shifts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Habitat availability and environmental preference drive species range shifts in concordance with climate change

Park

2020

Diversity and Distributions

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“…Another factor is habitat preference. While African golden wolves have been detected in all sorts of environments in Algeria (Amroun et al, 2006;Amroun, Bensidhoum, et al, 2014;Amroun, Oubellil, et al, 2014), Tunisia (Karssene et al, 2017(Karssene et al, , 2018, Morocco (Cuzin, 2003) and Niger (McShane & Grettenberger, 1984), some prefer farmlands and covered woodlands over open environments in Ethiopia (Admasu et al, 2004;Simeneh, 2010). In places where AGW are sympatric with competitors such as black-backed jackals, they are found mostly in open grasslands and rarely in woodlands (Fuller et al, 1989;Moehlman, 1986).…”

Section: Dynamic Demographic Historiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleistocene climate fluctuations drove demographic history of African golden wolves (Canis lupaster)

et al. 2021

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Pleistocene climate change impacted entire ecosystems throughout the world. In the northern hemisphere, the distribution of Arctic species expanded during glacial periods, while more temperate and mesic species contracted into climatic refugia, where isolation drove genetic divergence. Cycles of local cooling and warming in the Sahara region of northern Africa caused repeated contractions and expansions of savannahlike environments which connected mesic species isolated in refugia during interglacial times, possibly driving population expansions and contractions; divergence and geneflow in the associated fauna. Here, we use whole genome sequences of African golden wolves (Canis lupaster), a generalist mesopredator with a wide distribution in northern Africa to estimate their demographic history and past episodes of geneflow.We detect a correlation between divergence times and cycles of increased aridityassociated Pleistocene glacial cycles. A complex demographic history with responses to local climate change in different lineages was found, including a relict lineage north of the High Atlas Mountains of Morocco that has been isolated for more than 18,000 years, possibly a distinct ecotype.

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“…The African wolf (Canis lupaster), recently recognized as a distinct species of canid [12], is widely distributed across Northern and Eastern Africa [13][14][15]. Owing to its habitat plasticity and opportunistic feeding habits it occurs in a wide variety of habitats from forest to arid ecosystems, including the vicinity of urban areas [16][17][18][19]. Positive relationships between African wolf and anthropogenic areas have been observed [20], including feeding on both wild prey and livestock, and consuming organic waste [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic expansion of an African opportunistic carnivore during the Neolithic revolution

et al. 2020

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The diffusion of Neolithic technology together with the Holocene Climatic Optimum fostered the spread of human settlements and pastoral activities in North Africa, resulting in profound and enduring consequences for the dynamics of species, communities and landscapes. Here, we investigate the demographic history of the African wolf ( Canis lupaster ), a recently recognized canid species, to understand if demographic trends of this generalist and opportunistic carnivore reflect the increase in food availability that emerged after the arrival of the Neolithic economy in North Africa. We screened nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in samples collected throughout Algeria and Tunisia, and implemented coalescent approaches to estimate the variation of effective population sizes from present to ancestral time. We have found consistent evidence supporting the hypothesis that the African wolf population experienced a meaningful expansion concurring with a period of rapid population expansion of domesticates linked to the advent of agricultural practices.

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Global warming drives changes in carnivore communities in the North Sahara Desert

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Habitat availability and environmental preference drive species range shifts in concordance with climate change

Habitat availability and environmental preference drive species range shifts in concordance with climate change

Pleistocene climate fluctuations drove demographic history of African golden wolves (Canis lupaster)

Demographic expansion of an African opportunistic carnivore during the Neolithic revolution

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