Global trends in prescribing contact lenses for extended wear

Morgan, Philip B.; Efron, Nathan; Helland, Magne; Itoi, Motozumi; Jones, Deborah; Nichols, Jason J.; Worp, Eef van der; Woods, Craig A.

doi:10.1016/j.clae.2010.06.007

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…39 Increasing international trends in silicone hydrogel prescribing were found from 4% in 2000 to 36% in 2008. 40 We would expect as we analyze later visits from the CLAY Study data that over time there will be an increase in the proportion of silicone hydrogel lens wearers in our cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Lens Assessment in Youth: Methods and Baseline Findings

Lam¹,

Kinoshita

Jansen³

et al. 2011

Optometry and Vision Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Lens Assessment in Youth: Methods and Baseline Findings

Lam¹,

Kinoshita

Jansen³

et al. 2011

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…Although we detected a temporal trend, with a slight reduction in gram-positive organisms being isolated towards the end of the study, further studies are required to ascertain the reasons for this finding. It could be that an increasing trend in contact-lens wear over the period of study17 may have influenced the pattern of microbial pathogens isolated from corneal ulcers over time, away from gram-positive organisms (more often associated with ocular surface disease or prior ocular surgery)1 towards contact-lens related pathogens (i.e. gram-negatives or Acanthamoeba sp.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Season, Temperature and Causative Organism in Microbial Keratitis in the UK

Walkden

Fullwood

Tan

et al. 2018

Cornea

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Purpose:Microbial keratitis (MK) is a major cause of corneal blindness worldwide. Variations in season and temperature can affect MK incidence due to specific causative organisms; however, few studies have examined these factors in the UK.Methods:Retrospective review of all corneal scrapes from patients with MK presenting to Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, UK, between January 2004 and December 2015. Manchester’s monthly temperature data were obtained from Met Office UK. Analysis was performed using logistic regression.Results:From 4229 corneal scrapes, 1539 organisms grew (90.6% bacteria, 7.1% fungi, and 2.3% Acanthamoebae sp.). Gram-positive bacteria grew with increasing temperature [odds ratio (OR) 1.62, 95% CI: 1.11–2.39, P = 0.014], and fungi grew with decreasing temperature (OR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.16–0.51, P < 0.001). Moraxella sp. grew with decreasing temperature (OR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96, P = 0.001). Compared with winter, overall culture positivity was significantly less likely in summer (OR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.38–0.87, P = 0.008) and spring (OR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43–0.99, P = 0.045). Gram-negative bacteria were more likely in summer (OR 1.48, 95% CI: 1.06–2.09, P = 0.022) and autumn (OR 1.75, 95% CI: 1.24–2.47, P = 0.001). Candida sp. were less likely in summer (OR 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07–0.82, P = 0.027) and autumn (OR 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05–0.62, P = 0.009), and Acanthamoeba sp. were less likely in summer (OR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.15–0.92, P = 0.037) and spring (OR 0.26, 95% CI: 0.08–0.69, P = 0.011).Conclusions:Herein we report variation in the incidence of MK-causing organisms by season and temperature; this finding may aid clinicians in predicting possible causative organisms for MK at differing times of the year.

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“…Although the study had a large sample size and was set over a long study duration, it is limited by its retrospective design. It is also comparing the sampling methods over two consecutive time periods and, therefore, it is unknown whether microbe detection could have been influenced by other variables that fluctuate over time such as seasonal and temperature variations [ 32 ], changing contact lens habits and hygiene [ 33 ], systemic comorbidity rates [ 34 ] and incidence and prevalence of other MK risk factors such as steroid eye drop use and ocular surface conditions [ 35 ]. UK studies looking at MK isolates over the time period used in this study are lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of a Simplified Impression Membrane Sampling Method for the Diagnosis of Microbial Keratitis

Somerville

Herbert

Neal

et al. 2021

JCM

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The purpose of this study was to compare bacterial isolation rate using a corneal impression membrane (CIM) and a sharp instrument for obtaining corneal samples from patients with suspected microbial keratitis (MK). Data was retrospectively collected for all patients that had corneal samples taken for presumed MK between May 2014 and May 2020. Prior to May 2017 samples were collected by scraping the edges of the ulcer with a blade. From May 2017, samples were collected by placing a CIM (Millicell cell culture insert) against the ulcer. All corneal samples were processed using the same conventional diagnostic culture method. A total of 3099 corneal samples were included, of which 1214 (39.2%) were corneal scrapes and 1885 (60.9%) CIMs. Microorganisms were isolated from 235 (19.4%) and 1229 (65.2%) cases using a corneal scrape and CIM, respectively (p < 0.001). Of routinely described pathogenic microorganisms, there were significant increases in the isolations of S. aureus (2.4% to 11.3%) and Serratia (0.5% to 1.7%) using the CIM and no significant changes in the isolations of S. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. No significant differences were seen between the isolation rates of fungi or Acanthamoeba species. There was a significant increase in the isolation rates of other Streptococcal species (0.7% to 6.9%) and CNS species, specifically, S. epidermidis (2.1% to 26.2%), S. capitis (0.4% to 2.6%) and S. warneri (0.3% to 1.6%) using the CIM. The simplified CIM sampling method is an effective method for collecting corneal samples from patients with presumed MK in clinical practice.

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Global trends in prescribing contact lenses for extended wear

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Contact Lens Assessment in Youth: Methods and Baseline Findings

Contact Lens Assessment in Youth: Methods and Baseline Findings

Association Between Season, Temperature and Causative Organism in Microbial Keratitis in the UK

An Evaluation of a Simplified Impression Membrane Sampling Method for the Diagnosis of Microbial Keratitis

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