Global Patterns of Incidence and Mortality in Lung Cancer

Abstract

W orldwide, cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is estimated that, in 2012, there were about 14 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million deaths from cancer in a world population of about 7 billion. [1] Globally, in 2012, the most common cancers diagnosed were those of the lung (1.8 million cases, 13.0% of the total). Moreover, the most common causes of cancer deaths were cancers of the lung (1.6 million, 19.4% of the total). [2] Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer deaths in men and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. In economically developing countries, the most commonly diagnosed cancers were lung in males, which is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in females. In economically developed countries, the second most commonly diagnosed cancer was lung among males, which is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer among females. In both economically developed and developing countries, the three most common cancer sites were also the three leading causes of cancer deaths. [3] Lung cancer is one of the most preventable cancers. Most lung cancers could be averted by preventing smoking initiation among adolescents and increasing smoking cessation among adults. This requires a comprehensive tobacco control program that includes raising the price of tobacco products through excise taxes, banning smoking in public places and tobacco sales to minors, restricting tobacco advertising and promotion, counter-advertising, and providing treatment and counseling for tobacco dependence. [4] Lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer mortality, and its incidence is growing throughout the world. The high morbidity and mortality of lung cancer largely result from the fact that most people are diagnosed at advanced disease stage. [5] Objectives: Lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer mortality, and its incidence is growing throughout the world. This study aims to compare the distribution of the six World Health Organization by configural frequency analysis (CFA). Methods: The National data (GLOBOCAN 2012) were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed by CFA which is used for the analysis of multiway contingency tables. Results: In Africa, East Mediterranean, Europe, and Southeast Asia, lung cancer incident cases were observed to be higher than expected. Under the years <70, in Africa, East Mediterranean, Europe, and Southeast Asia, lung cancer mortality is significantly underrepresented and therefore antitypes. Here, lung cancer mortality was observed lower than expected. In the more developed regions, lung cancer incident cases and mortality were significantly overrepresented in almost all age groups in both male (years <55) and female, but in the less developed regions, it was significantly underrepresented in almost all age groups. Conclusion: The majority of the global lung cancer burden occurred in the more developed countries. If the current situation remains unchanged, incidence and mortality may continue to increase.

Analysis of gene mutation spectrum and prevention and treatment of lung cancer patients in Qujing, Yunnan Province, China

“…At present, however, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not yet approved any targeted drugs for TP53 mutations in NSCLC patients [33] . In addition to smoking, exposure to air pollutants is a major risk factor for lung cancer [34,35] .…”

Clinical profile and initial treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study at the Uganda Cancer Institute

“…Worldwide, lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer with 2.1 million new cases reported in 2018, and 1.8 million deaths attributed to lung cancer alone in the same year 1 . Lung cancer incidence and mortality varies globally, with a strong association with tobacco use reported in several works of literature 2 , 3 . Although prevention and screening interventions are continually broadcasted to the general public, the incidence of lung cancer continues to rise particularly among women 3 , even in low-smoking prevalence countries in sub-Saharan Africa 4 .…”

“…Lung cancer incidence and mortality varies globally, with a strong association with tobacco use reported in several works of literature 2 , 3 . Although prevention and screening interventions are continually broadcasted to the general public, the incidence of lung cancer continues to rise particularly among women 3 , even in low-smoking prevalence countries in sub-Saharan Africa 4 . The 5-year survival of lung cancer is unsatisfactory and varies depending on the region with 2% (Libya) and 30% (Japan) 3 .…”

Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) Profile and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in Lung Cancer Patients in Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin 2017-2018

“…Meanwhile, NLR is calculated as the ratio of the neutrophils number to the lymphocytes number. 2,3 In recent decades the number of platelets, neutrophils and lymphocytes has been the focus of research in relation to the prognosis of various types of cancer. Therefore in this study the PLR and NLR profiles of lung cancer patients in the Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin in the January 2017-December 2018 period will be explained.…”