Global lignin supply overview and kraft lignin potential as an alternative for petroleum-based polymers

Dessbesell, Luana; Paleologou, Michael; Leitch, Mathew; Pulkki, Reino; Xu, Chunbao

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.109768

Cited by 300 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…LignoBoost and LignoForce processes are the two main commercial technologies for precipitating lignin from black liquor [ 7 ], and both can be used to obtain hardwood kraft lignin. The LignoBoost process uses dissolved carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to decrease the pH of the process stream from ~13 to 10 ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Lignin Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although current industrial products are primarily produced from lignosulfonates and sulfonated kraft lignin such as dispersants, emulsifiers, raw material for vanillin and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) production and road-dust suppression agents [ 6 ]. Kraft lignin production increased by 150% from 2014 to 2018, competing with lignosulfonates to some extent [ 7 ]. The kraft pulping process dominates the industry because of advantages in chemical recovery and pulp strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, a gap exists between the kraft lignin producers and market off-takers, due to the current lignin processes having difficulties meeting stringent quality control constraints and market specifications which end-uses require. These constraints slow down lignin market penetration [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into the Potential of Hardwood Kraft Lignin to Be a Green Platform Material for Emergence of the Biorefinery

et al. 2020

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Lignin is an abundant, renewable, and relatively cheap biobased feedstock that has potential in energy, chemicals, and materials. Kraft lignin, more specifically, has been used for more than 100 years as a self-sustaining energy feedstock for industry after which it has finally reached more widespread commercial appeal. Unfortunately, hardwood kraft lignin (HWKL) has been neglected over these years when compared to softwood kraft lignin (SWKL). Therefore, the present work summarizes and critically reviews the research and development (R&D) dealing specifically with HWKL. It will also cover methods for HWKL extraction from black liquor, as well as its structure, properties, fractionation, and modification. Finally, it will reveal several interesting opportunities for HWKL that include dispersants, adsorbents, antioxidants, aromatic compounds (chemicals), and additives in briquettes, pellets, hydrogels, carbon fibers and polymer blends and composites. HWKL shows great potential for all these applications, however more R&D is needed to make its utilization economically feasible and reach the levels in the commercial lignin market commensurate with SWKL. The motivation for this critical review is to galvanize further studies, especially increased understandings in the field of HWKL, and hence amplify much greater utilization.

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Section: Lignin Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into the Potential of Hardwood Kraft Lignin to Be a Green Platform Material for Emergence of the Biorefinery

et al. 2020

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“…Lignin is present naturally in lignocellulosic plants accounting for approximately 300 billion tonnes globally (Dessbesell et al 2020). Around 100 million tonnes per year are technical lignins, primarily coming from the pulp and paper industry (FAO 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignosulfonate is one of the lignin derivative obtained by sulfonation of lignin, a water-soluble polymer polyelectrolytes. Lignosulfonate is obtained from the black liquor derived from pulp mill effluent, both of which use the Kraft pulping and other processes such as sulfite and others (Dessbesell et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Lignin from the Waste of Bioethanol Production as a Mortar Additive

Falah

Triastuti

Fatriasari

et al. 2020

JSL

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Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer, exceeded only by cellulose, and comprises 15-25% of the dry weight of woody plants, with around 285,000 tons/year of production capacity globally. This study aims to utilize the lignin obtained from the waste of bioethanol production from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as a mortar additive. The use of mortar as a material for road construction is increasing, but its long time hardening is causing problems such as traffic jams. Lignin can be used as an additive to shorten the hardening time of mortar. Lignin was isolated at various NaOH concentrations and temperatures of OPEFB pretreatment for bioethanol production. The workability of the slump and compressive strength of mortars generated were further tested. Lignin from OPEFB can be used as a water reducer in the mortar with improved workability as much as 24.4% compared to controls. The addition of lignin could also increase the compressive strength at the mortar age of 7 and 28 days compared to the commercial lignosulfonate and control on the various water-cement ratios. The setting time of mortar with the lignin addition increased rapidly, reaching up to 80% at the 7 days, indicating that curing time is getting shorter. The most remarkable improvement of compressive strength with suitable workability and high-quality concrete was reached by 1% lignin addition and 0.45 water-cement ratio with compressive strength 38.81 N/mm2 at 28 days.Keywords: compressive strength, lignin, mortar, OPEFB, water reducer

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Lignin Conversion through Biological and Chemical Routes

Silveira¹,

Mera²,

Chandel³

et al. 2022

Lignocellulose Bioconversion Through White Biotechnology

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Global lignin supply overview and kraft lignin potential as an alternative for petroleum-based polymers

Cited by 300 publications

References 47 publications

Insights into the Potential of Hardwood Kraft Lignin to Be a Green Platform Material for Emergence of the Biorefinery

Insights into the Potential of Hardwood Kraft Lignin to Be a Green Platform Material for Emergence of the Biorefinery

Utilization of Lignin from the Waste of Bioethanol Production as a Mortar Additive

Lignin Conversion through Biological and Chemical Routes

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