Global industrialization: a multipolar perspective

Sugihara, Kaoru

doi:10.1017/cbo9781139196079.005

Cited by 1 publication

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“…However, this was a solution specific to Western Europe. The ways in which resource constraints were eased in the subsequent process of global industrialization differed region by region (Sugihara 2015a). The level of constraints in the United States and other regions of recent European settlement (such as Canada, Australia and New Zealand) was much lower than that in Western Europe in some crucial measures (such as land and biomass stock), making room for them, especially the United States, to pursue an even more capital-and resource-intensive path than countries in Western Europe.…”

Section: The Beginningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Paths to Industrialization: A Global Context of the Rise of Emerging States

Sugihara

2019

Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies

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This volume addresses the issue of how a country, which was incorporated into the world economy as a periphery, could create a path of economic development and industrialization as the 'emerging state' in Asia and Africa. We offer historical and contemporary case studies of development paths, as well as the international background under which a transition to the emerging state was successfully made, delayed or failed. In this chapter I describe how diverse paths of economic development emerged in various regions of the world, and show that interactions of such 'multiple paths', rather than the diffusion of modern technology and institutions from Western Europe to the rest of the world, determined the timing and pace of global industrialization over the last two centuries. The industrial revolution in England, which began in the late eighteenth century, was first transmitted to Continental Europe, the United States and Japan in the 'long' nineteenth century. During the period of interwar instability and after World War II, a variety of state-led industrialization programs, including socialist models, were implemented, which had varying degrees of success. The diffusion of industrialization has been often interpreted along the Gerschenkronean framework of 'advantage of backwardness' and late development (Gerschenkron 1962; Austin 2013, 288-90). In a broad sense, any state engaged in 'catching-up' industrialization qualifies the emerging state. Thus the first type of the emerging state exploits its respective factor endowment advantages in relation to the more advanced countries. If an Asian country such as Japan is labour abundant and capital scarce, she might focus on the development of labour-intensive industries, in addition to fostering capital-intensive ones for political and military reasons.

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Section: The Beginningmentioning

confidence: 99%