Global incidence proportion of intraventricular haemorrhage of prematurity: a meta-analysis of studies published 2010–2020

Lai, Gilda; Shlobin, Nathan A.; García, Roxanna M.; Wescott, Annie; Kulkarni, Abhaya V.; Drake, James M.; Dizon, Maria L.V.; Lam, Sandi

doi:10.1136/archdischild-2021-322634

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…While the percentage of infants with Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage (sIVH, grade III and IV IVH) has shown a decreasing trend over time ( 57 ), a recent review showed a worldwide incidence of 6%–10% among infants born at less than 28 weeks gestational age ( 58 ). Incidence and severity of intraventricular hemorrhage are known to be higher in preterm males across birth weight categories (RR: 1.271, 95% CI: 1.207–1.338, p < 0.001) ( 35 , 36 ).…”

Section: Part I Sex Differences In Neonatal Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of sex, race, and social determinants of health on neonatal outcomes

Alur,

Holla,

Hussain

2024

Front. Pediatr.

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Despite the global improvements in neonatal outcomes, mortality and morbidity rates among preterm infants are still unacceptably high. Therefore, it is crucial to thoroughly analyze the factors that affect these outcomes, including sex, race, and social determinants of health. By comprehending the influence of these factors, we can work towards reducing their impact and enhancing the quality of neonatal care. This review will summarize the available evidence on sex differences, racial differences, and social determinants of health related to neonates. This review will discuss sex differences in neonatal outcomes in part I and racial differences with social determinants of health in part II. Research has shown that sex differences begin to manifest in the early part of the pregnancy. Hence, we will explore this topic under two main categories: (1) Antenatal and (2) Postnatal sex differences. We will also discuss long-term outcome differences wherever the evidence is available. Multiple factors determine health outcomes during pregnancy and the newborn period. Apart from the genetic, biological, and sex-based differences that influence fetal and neonatal outcomes, racial and social factors influence the health and well-being of developing humans. Race categorizes humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally considered distinct within a given society. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the non-medical factors that influence health outcomes. These factors can include a person&apos;s living conditions, access to healthy food, education, employment status, income level, and social support. Understanding these factors is essential in developing strategies to improve overall health outcomes in communities.

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Section: Part I Sex Differences In Neonatal Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of sex, race, and social determinants of health on neonatal outcomes

Alur,

Holla,

Hussain

2024

Front. Pediatr.

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“…PV-IVH occurrence, particularly severe PV-IVH, is inversely related to gestational age (GA) [ 5 – 7 ]. The reasons include poor coagulation, fragile microvasculature in the germinal matrix, lack of autoregulatory mechanisms in the cerebral blood flow, and increased complications and treatments associated with the small size of preterm infants [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage severity in preterm infants: a propensity score-matched analysis

et al. 2023

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Background Most previous studies comparing etiological studies in infants with and without periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage (PV-IVH) concluded that younger gestational age (GA) was associated with a higher prevalence rate of PV-IVH. However, only a few studies have examined the risk factors associated with the severity of PV-IVH after removing the influence of GA. Therefore, we investigated the risk factors apart from GA for PV-IVH severity in preterm infants less than 28 weeks. Methods This was a retrospective case-control study of preterm infants born in West China Second Hospital with PV-IVH between 2009 and 2020. PV-IVH was defined using cranial ultrasound screening. Preterm infants were divided into no PV-IVH and PV-IVH groups, and preterm infants with PV-IVH were divided into mild and severe PV-IVH groups. Groups were matched in a 1:1 ratio using propensity score calculated from GA. Variables were collected from infant–mother pairs. A stepwise forward multivariate logistic regression model was adopted to select factors that affected PV-IVH in preterm infants. Results A total of 429 preterm infants were included. The total incidence of PV-IVH in preterm infants was 55.6%, and the incidence of mild and severe PV-IVH was 28.7% and 26.9%, respectively. We matched 162 infants with no PV-IVH with 162 infants with PV-IVH. The results suggested that electrolyte disorder (OR 2.79, 95% CI: 1.34–5.77), early-onset sepsis (OR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.01–3.08), thrombocytopenia (OR 2.87, 95% CI: 1.10–7.48), invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 4.21, 95% CI: 1.86–9.55), and male sex (OR 2.16, 95% CI: 1.29–3.60) were independently associated with PV-IVH. Then, we matched 87 infants with mild PV-IVH with 87 infants with severe PV-IVH. The results suggested that electrolyte disorder (OR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.29–6.45), thrombocytopenia (OR 5.73, 95% CI: 1.91–17.14), and invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 10.54, 95% CI: 1.16–95.85) were independently associated with severity of PV-IVH. Conclusions Regardless of GA, electrolyte disorder, early-onset sepsis, thrombocytopenia, invasive mechanical ventilation, and male sex contributed to PV-IVH in preterm infants, and electrolyte disorder, thrombocytopenia, and invasive mechanical ventilation contributed to severe PV-IVH. These risk factors may combine to predict the incidence of PV-IVH in preterm infants.

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“…PV-IVH occurrence, particularly severe PV-IVH, is inversely related to gestational age (GA) [5][6][7]. The reasons include poor coagulation, fragile microvasculature in the germinal matrix, lack of autoregulatory mechanisms in cerebral blood ow, and increased complications and treatments associated with the small size of preterm infants [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage severity in preterm infants: A propensity score-matched analysis

Huang

Wang

Tian

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Most previous studies comparing etiological studies in infants with and without periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage (PV-IVH) concluded that younger gestational age (GA) was associated with a higher prevalence rate of PV-IVH. However, only few studies have examined the risk factors associated with the severity of PV-IVH after removing the influence of GA. Therefore, we investigated the risk factors apart from GA for PV-IVH severity in preterm infants less than 32 weeks. Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study of preterm infants born in West China Second Hospital with PV-IVH between 2009 and 2018. PV-IVH was defined using cranial ultrasound screening. Preterm infants with PV-IVH were divided into mild and severe groups. Both groups were matched in a 1:1 ratio using propensity score calculated from GA. Variables were collected from infant–mother pairs. A stepwise forward multivariate logistic regression model was adopted to select factors that affected the severity of PV-IVH in preterm infants. Results: A total of 3,783 preterm infants with PV-IVH were included. The total incidence of PV-IVH in preterm infants was 15.58%, and the incidence of PV-IVH of grades I, II, III, and IV was 2.50%, 9.52%, 3.13%, and 0.42%, respectively. The mortality of mild and severe PV-IVH was 0.33% and 3.25%, respectively. We matched 315 infants with severe PV-IVH with 315 infants with mild PV-IVH. The results suggested that early-onset sepsis (odds ratio [OR] 2.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50–4.16), thrombocytopenia (OR 2.37, 95% CI: 1.39–4.04), multiple gestations (OR 1.69, 95% CI: 1.15–2.49), invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 1.59, 95% CI: 1.10–2.31), and magnesium sulphate use (OR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.01–2.10) were associated with severe PV-IVH. Female sex (OR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46–0.91) was a protective factor against severe PV-IVH. Conclusions: Early-onset sepsis, thrombocytopenia, multiple gestations, invasive mechanical ventilation, magnesium sulphate use, and male sex contributed to severe PV-IVH in preterm infants regardless of GA, these risk factors may combine to predict the incidence of PV-IVH in preterm infants.

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Global incidence proportion of intraventricular haemorrhage of prematurity: a meta-analysis of studies published 2010–2020

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of sex, race, and social determinants of health on neonatal outcomes

Impact of sex, race, and social determinants of health on neonatal outcomes

Risk factors for periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage severity in preterm infants: a propensity score-matched analysis

Risk factors for periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage severity in preterm infants: A propensity score-matched analysis

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