Global impact of ciguatoxins and ciguatera fish poisoning on fish, fisheries and consumers

Soliño, Lucía; Costa, Pedro Reis

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109111

Cited by 58 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…The epi‐benthic dinoflagellate genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa are the primary producers of the toxins responsible for Ciguatera Poisoning (CP), the most common non‐bacterial food poisoning, mostly due to consumption of fish 1–3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of maitotoxin‐4 (MTX4) using electrospray positive mode ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry and UV spectroscopy

Pisapia

Sibat

Watanabe

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale The dinoflagellate genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa are producers of toxins responsible for Ciguatera Poisoning (CP). Although having very low oral potency, maitotoxins (MTXs) are very toxic following intraperitoneal injection and feeding studies have shown they may accumulate in fish muscle. To date, six MTX congeners have been described but two congeners (MTX2 and MTX4) have not yet been structurally elucidated. The aim of the present study was to further characterize MTX4. Methods Chemical analysis was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to a diode‐array detector (DAD) and positive ion mode high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) on partially purified extracts of G. excentricus (strain VGO792). HRMS/MS studies were also carried out to tentatively explain the fragmentation pathways of MTX and MTX4. Results The comparison of UV and HRMS (ESI+) spectra between MTX and MTX4 led us to propose the elemental formula of MTX4 (C157H241NO68S2, as the unsalted molecule). The comparison of the theoretical and measured m/z values of the doubly charged ions of the isotopic profile in ESI+ were coherent with the proposed elemental formula of MTX4. The study of HRMS/MS spectra on the tri‐ammoniated adduct ([M – H + 3NH4]2+) of both molecules gave additional information about structural features. The cleavage observed, probably located at C99–C100 in both MTX and MTX4, highlighted the same A‐side product ion shared by the two molecules. Conclusions All these investigations on the characterization of MTX4 contribute to highlighting that MTX4 belongs to the same structural family of MTXs. However, to accomplish a complete structural elucidation of MTX4, an NMR‐based study and LC/HRMSn investigation will have to be carried out.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of maitotoxin‐4 (MTX4) using electrospray positive mode ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry and UV spectroscopy

Pisapia

Sibat

Watanabe

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…and herbivorous fish species involved in CFP outbreaks. Toxin-producing microalgae ingested by herbivorous grazing fish (of, e.g., the Scaridae or Acanthuridae families, which are especially incriminated in French Polynesia) are in turn eaten by carnivorous fish (such as species from the families Muranidae , Serranidae , Lutjanidae and Carangidae ) [ 9 ]. During this transfer, GTXs are not only accumulated within the marine food chain but also biotransformed to become more polar and more toxic CTXs [ 10 ].…”

Section: Ciguatera: An Underreported and Misdiagnosed Disease Lackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Disturbances of Ciguatera Poisoning: Clinical Features and Pathophysiological Basis

L’Hérondelle

Talagas

Mignen

et al. 2020

Cells

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Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), the most prevalent seafood poisoning worldwide, is caused by the consumption of tropical and subtropical fish contaminated with potent neurotoxins called ciguatoxins (CTXs). Ciguatera is a complex clinical syndrome in which peripheral neurological signs predominate in the acute phase of the intoxication but also persist or reoccur long afterward. Their recognition is of particular importance in establishing the diagnosis, which is clinically-based and can be a challenge for physicians unfamiliar with CFP. To date, no specific treatment exists. Physiopathologically, the primary targets of CTXs are well identified, as are the secondary events that may contribute to CFP symptomatology. This review describes the clinical features, focusing on the sensory disturbances, and then reports on the neuronal targets and effects of CTXs, as well as the neurophysiological and histological studies that have contributed to existing knowledge of CFP neuropathophysiology at the molecular, neurocellular and nerve levels.

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“…The biomagnification process of ciguatoxins in fish that have been fed with Gambierdiscus sp. have been previously described, establishing an association between the size of the herbivorous fish that habitually feed on this type of dinoflagellates and the concentration of the ciguatoxins, which is species specific [ 18 ].…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Toxicology of Ciguatera Poisoning in the Colombian Caribbean

et al. 2020

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Ciguatera is a food intoxication caused by the consumption of primarily coral fish; these species exist in large numbers in the seas that surround the Colombian territory. The underreported diagnosis of this clinical entity has been widely highlighted due to multiple factors, such as, among others, ignorance by the primary care practitioner consulted for this condition as well as clinical similarity to secondary gastroenteric symptoms and common food poisonings of bacterial, parasitic or viral etiology. Eventually, it was found that people affected by ciguatoxins had trips to coastal areas hours before the onset of symptoms. Thanks to multiple studies over the years, it has been possible to identify the relation between toxigenic dinoflagellates and seagrasses, as well as its incorporation into the food chain, starting by fish primarily inhabiting reef ecosystems and culminating in the intake of these by humans. Identifying the epidemiological link, its cardinal symptoms and affected systems, such as gastrointestinal, the peripheral nervous system and, fortunately with a low frequency, the cardiovascular system, leads to a purely clinical diagnostic impression without necessitating further complementary studies; in addition, what would also help fight ciguatera poisoning is performing an adequate treatment of the symptoms right from the start, without underestimating or overlooking any associated complications.

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Global impact of ciguatoxins and ciguatera fish poisoning on fish, fisheries and consumers

Cited by 58 publications

References 157 publications

Characterization of maitotoxin‐4 (MTX4) using electrospray positive mode ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry and UV spectroscopy

Characterization of maitotoxin‐4 (MTX4) using electrospray positive mode ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry and UV spectroscopy

Neurological Disturbances of Ciguatera Poisoning: Clinical Features and Pathophysiological Basis

Epidemiology and Toxicology of Ciguatera Poisoning in the Colombian Caribbean

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