Global Hybrid Public-Private Bodies: The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)

Casini, Lorenzo

doi:10.1163/157237409x477644

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The World Anti‐Doping Agency is a Swiss NGO. It was delegated authority by the International Olympic Committee to set standards about prohibited substances and training methods, as well as procedures for testing and disciplining infractions (Casini , p. 433). The World Anti‐Doping Agency's rules and practices have become the basis for domestic regulations to implement the International Convention Against Doping in Sport.…”

Section: What Do We Know?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transnational delegation in global environmental governance: When do non‐state actors govern?

Green

2017

Regulation & Governance

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Non‐state actors – including firms, non‐governmental organizations, and networks – are now a permanent fixture in environmental politics. However, we know surprisingly little about when states choose to delegate to non‐state actors through multilateral treaties. This paper provides an historical picture, tracing patterns of delegation to non‐state agents in a random sample of multilateral environmental agreements from 1902 to 2002. I introduce a new unit of analysis – the policy function – to understand what non‐state actors actually do as agents. I find that analyses of delegation are sensitive to the unit of analysis; patterns of delegation at the treaty level are very different from those at the level of individual policy functions. While overall the decision to delegate to non‐state actors – what I term transnational delegation – is rare, it has grown over time. Complex treaties, those with secretariats, and those focused on the management of nature are more apt to delegate to non‐state actors. Non‐state agents fill a small, but growing role in multilateral environmental treaties.

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Section: What Do We Know?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transnational delegation in global environmental governance: When do non‐state actors govern?

Green

2017

Regulation & Governance

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“…Government intervention in sport after the Festina crisis led to the creation of WADA (Hanstad et al 2008). This partly nationalised anti-doping policy and reduced the power of the IOC (Casini 2009). International Federations signed the Code through fear of social disapproval to maintain their own legitimacy (Hanstad 2008, Wagner 2011.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Legitimacy driven change at the World Anti-Doping Agency

Read

Skinner

Lock

et al. 2018

International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics

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The effectiveness of the World Anti-Doping Agency as an international non-governmental organisation with a mission to regulate anti-doping policy has been challenged before by doping scandals in sport. Historically, anti-doping policy development has been primarily reactive, determined by the need for dominant organisations to maintain power rather than to protect athletes. The purpose of this paper is to explore reactive anti-doping policy change from a multi-level legitimacy perspective. Using multi-level legitimacy theory and the concept of legitimacy challenges, it is argued that reactive policy change is motivated by a need to manage perceived organisational legitimacy. The recent exposure of systematic doping in Russia is used as an example to support this analysis. These findings are discussed in the context of current criticisms of anti-doping policy.

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“…The Foundation Board takes its decisions by an absolute majority of the votes of the members present; in the event of a tie, the chairman has the casting vote. Important elements of WADA's policy, such as amendments to the WADC, require a two-thirds majority and therefore involve an extensive consultative process (Casini 2009;Chappelet and Van Luijk 2018).…”

Section: A Global Public-private Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

The World Anti-Doping Agency: Guardian of Elite Sport’s Credibility

Bottenburg

Geeraert

Hon

2020

Guardians of Public Value

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WADA is a hybrid public–private agency that leads the global fight against doping. This chapter explores why and how this agency developed into an institution that receives support from sports organizations and governments worldwide. Despite initial scepticism about its ability to overcome the ineffectiveness of anti-doping policies prior to its foundation in 1999, WADA quickly grew into a broadly trusted and well-respected organization. It successfully developed a globally harmonized anti-doping system that reinforced the credibility of international sports competitions and the legitimacy of elite sport policies. From its inception, it had a distinct identity as a neutral, impartial and objective standard setter and referee agent in a morally challenging organizational field. Nonetheless, being relatively young, WADA remains a vulnerable institution. It must continuously take an independent position with regard to partial interests of sporting and public authorities that are responsible for WADA’s funding and governance. This requires institutional leadership that the organization cannot always offer, as recent doping affairs show.

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Global Hybrid Public-Private Bodies: The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

Transnational delegation in global environmental governance: When do non‐state actors govern?

Transnational delegation in global environmental governance: When do non‐state actors govern?

Legitimacy driven change at the World Anti-Doping Agency

The World Anti-Doping Agency: Guardian of Elite Sport’s Credibility

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