Global climate forcing of aerosols embodied in international trade

Lin, Jintai; Tong, Dan; Davis, Steven J.; Ni, Ruijing; Tan, Xiao; Pan, Da; Zhao, Hongyan; Lü, Zifeng; Streets, D. G.; Feng, Tong; Zhang, Qiang; Yan, Yingying; Hu, Yongyun; Li, Jing; Liu, Zhu; Jiang, Xuping; Geng, Guannan; He, Kebin; Huang, Yi; Guan, Dabo

doi:10.1038/ngeo2798

Cited by 83 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…China), trade-induced intraregional transfer of emissions is also found to be more important than atmospheric transport of pollution from one province to another [47]. It is therefore clear that a furthering of the understanding of both the international atmospheric transport and virtual transport could improve science cooperation at the international scale and work towards mitigation of relevant emission sources [24,47,50,74]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM _2.5 emissions to global consumption

Meng

Liu

et al. 2016

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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Globalization pushes production and consumption to geographically diverse locations and generates a variety of sizeable opportunities and challenges. The distribution and associated effects of short-lived primary fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a representative of local pollution, are significantly affected by the consumption through global supply chain. Tele-connection is used here to represent the link between production and consumption activity at large distances. In this study, we develop a global consumption-based primary PM2.5 emission inventory to track primary PM2.5 emissions embodied in the supply chain and evaluate the extent to which local PM2.5 emissions are triggered by international trade. We further adopt consumption-based accounting and identify the global original source that produced the emissions. We find that anthropogenic PM2.5 emissions from industrial sectors accounted for 24 Tg globally in 2007; approximately 30% (7.2 Tg) of these emissions were embodied in export of products principally from Brazil, South Africa, India and China (3.8 Tg) to developed countries. Large differences (up to 10 times) in the embodied emissions intensity between net importers and exporters greatly increased total global PM2.5 emissions. Tele-connecting production and consumption activity provides valuable insights with respect to mitigating long-range transboundary air pollution and prompts concerted efforts aiming at more environmentally conscious globalization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM _2.5 emissions to global consumption

Meng

Liu

et al. 2016

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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“…While a multiregional input‐output (MRIO) model that interconnects multiple regions reflects the interregional and intraregional economic connection (B. Zhang, Li, et al, , ), the global MRIO modeling can provide a robust assessment on the demand‐driven resource use and environmental emissions in the production and trade network of the world economy. Extensive studies have been conducted on the global MRIO analyses of resource and emission requirements associated with production, consumption, and international trade, such as water (Ali, ; Z. M. Chen & Chen, ; Feng et al, ; Han et al, ; Lenzen, Moran, Bhaduri, et al, ), energy (G. Q. Chen & Wu, ; B. Chen, Li, et al, ), materials (X. Tian et al, ; Wiedmann et al, ), land (G. Q. Chen & Han, ; B. Chen, Han, et al, ; X. D. Wu et al, ), biodiversity (Lenzen, Moran, et al, ), CO 2 (Andreoni & Galmarini, ; Davis & Caldeira, ; Fan et al, ; Jiang & Green, ; Liddle, ; Malik et al, ; Pablo‐Romero & Sánchez‐Braza, ; J. Tian et al, ), air pollutants (Kanemoto et al, ; Lin et al, , ; Meng et al, ; Q. Zhang et al, ), and so forth. At present, MRIO account and analysis has become a popular approach to measure and assess consumption‐based global GHG emissions (e.g., Arto & Dietzenbacher, ; Caro et al, ; Peters, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption‐Based Accounting of Global Anthropogenic CH₄ Emissions

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2018

Earth's Future

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Global anthropogenic CH4 emissions have witnessed a rapid increase in the last decade. However, how this increase is connected with its socioeconomic drivers has not yet been explored. In this paper, we highlight the impacts of final demand and international trade on global anthropogenic CH4 emissions based on the consumption‐based accounting principle. We find that household consumption was the largest final demand category, followed by fixed capital formation and government consumption. The position and function of nations and major economies to act on the structure and spatial patterns of global CH4 emissions were systematically clarified. Substantial geographic shifts of CH4 emissions during 2000–2012 revealed the prominent impact of international trade. In 2012, about half of global CH4 emissions were embodied in international trade, of which 77.8% were from intermediate trade and 22.2% from final trade. Mainland China was the largest exporter of embodied CH4 emissions, while the United States was the largest importer. Developed economies such as Western Europe, the United States, and Japan were major net receivers of embodied emission transfer, mainly from developing countries. CH4 emission footprints of nations were closely related to their human development indexes and per capita gross domestic products. Our findings could help to improve current understanding of global anthropogenic CH4 emission increases and to pinpoint regional and sectoral hotspots for possible emission mitigation in the entire supply chains from production to consumption.

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“…This inventory is also used to support another study that examines the direct forcing of aerosols embodied in international trade 34 . We estimate emissions from all major…”

Section: Production-based Emission Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade

Zhang

Jiang

Tong

et al. 2017

Nature

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464

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Millions of people die every year from diseases caused by exposure to outdoor air pollution1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Some studies have estimated premature mortality related to local sources of air pollution6, 7, but local air quality can also be affected by atmospheric transport of pollution from distant sources8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. International trade is contributing to the globalization of emission and pollution as a result of the production of goods (and their associated emissions) in one region for consumption in another region14, 19, 20, 21, 22. The effects of international trade on air pollutant emissions23, air quality14 and health24 have been investigated regionally, but a combined, global assessment of the health impacts related to international trade and the transport of atmospheric air pollution is lacking. Here we combine four global models to estimate premature mortality caused by fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution as a result of atmospheric transport and the production and consumption of goods and services in different world regions. We find that, of the 3.45 million premature deaths related to PM2.5 pollution in 2007 worldwide, about 12 per cent (411,100 deaths) were related to air pollutants emitted in a region of the world other than that in which the death occurred, and about 22 per cent (762,400 deaths) were associated with goods and services produced in one region for consumption in another. For example, PM2.5 pollution produced in China in 2007 is linked to more than 64,800 premature deaths in regions other than China, including more than 3,100 premature deaths in western Europe and the USA; on the other hand, consumption in western Europe and the USA is linked to more than 108,600 premature deaths in China. Our results reveal that the transboundary health impacts of PM2.5 pollution associated with international trade are greater than those associated with long-distance atmospheric pollutant transport

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Global climate forcing of aerosols embodied in international trade

Cited by 83 publications

References 30 publications

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM _2.5 emissions to global consumption

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM _2.5 emissions to global consumption

Consumption‐Based Accounting of Global Anthropogenic CH₄ Emissions

Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade

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Global climate forcing of aerosols embodied in international trade

Cited by 83 publications

References 30 publications

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM 2.5 emissions to global consumption

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM 2.5 emissions to global consumption

Consumption‐Based Accounting of Global Anthropogenic CH4 Emissions

Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM _2.5 emissions to global consumption

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM _2.5 emissions to global consumption

Consumption‐Based Accounting of Global Anthropogenic CH₄ Emissions