Global charts of ocean tide loading effects

Abstract

Global ocean tide loading charts of the radial displacement, the potential divided by g (gravity acceleration), and the gravity effect have been computed using the 11 constituents M2, S2, N2, K2, K1, O1, P1, Q1, Mf, Mm, Ssa of Schwiderski's tidal model. These new charts have a resolution of 1° × 1° on the continents as well as on the oceanic area. A description of Farrell's convolution method to compute the loading effects is given, and an estimate of the numerical errors leads to the conclusion that these global charts have a precision better than 2.5% independent of the accuracy of Schwiderski's maps. The current approximation of the loading effects by a proportionality relation with the local oceanic tides is also compared with Farrell's convolution method. Departures of several centimeters systematically appear, in particular over the continental shelves. We then show that the maps of the oceanic tides deduced from satellite altimetry could be corrected for the loading effect by an iterative computational procedure based on our algorithm of Farrell's convolution.

Modeled steric and mass-driven sea level change caused by Greenland Ice Sheet melting

“…The ongoing Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) after the last glacial maxi- reduced ice mass due to melting (Farrell, 1972;Francis and Mazzega, 1990). …”

Ocean‐tide loading and Earth tides around New Zealand

“…The one used in this study is from Farrell (1972) and is based on the Gutenberg-Bullen A Earth model which assumes that the Earth responds elastically under loadings at tidal frequencies. Francis & Mazzega (1990) describe other Earth models and Anon. (1996) contains two other Green's functions which appear to be only marginally different from the Gutenberg-Bullen A model used in this study.…”

“…Farrell (1972) developed a method for computing the ocean-tide loading which involves the calculation of a convolution integral around the whole oceanic globe for each point where the loading effect is evaluated. Subsequently, Francis & Mazzega (1990) used this method and the tidal model of Schwiderski (1980a,b) to produce global charts of the ocean-tide loading. With the advent of TOPEX/Poseidon (henceforth referred to as T/P) global tidal models, these calculations were upgraded by various researchers (e.g., Matsumoto et al 1995) and loadings at 0.5 degree intervals around the whole globe are available in Anon.…”

“…Basic formulation Francis & Mazzega (1990) and Ray (1998) show that the ocean-tide loading for tidal constituent n at latitude f (°N) and longitude c (°E) is given by:…”

Monthly Crustal Loading Corrections for Satellite Altimetry

“…Correcting satellite altimeter measurements for ocean tidal loading-that is, for the elastic deformation of the solid earth induced by the weight of the overlying ocean tide-is a standard part of altimetry data processing (Francis and Mazzega 1990). Correcting altimetry for loading by other geophysical fluids has rarely been considered, a notable exception being a study by Kuo et al (2008).…”