Global Change Research in the Carpathian Mountain Region

Bokwa, Anita; Cheømicki, Wojciech; Elbakidze, Marine; Hirschmugl, Manuela; Hostert, Patrick; Ibisch, Pierre L.; Kozak, Jacek; Kuemmerle, Tobias; Matei, Elena; Ostapowicz, Katarzyna; Pociask-Karteczka, Joanna; Schmidt, Lars; Linden, Sebastian van der; Zebisch, Marc; Franko, Ivan

doi:10.1659/mrd.1105

Cited by 55 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As a consequence of a major transformation in the region's landuse system after 1990, followed by changes in private land ownership, LC transitions (LCTs) are observed over extensive areas of the Carpathians and typically result in farmland abandonment and gradual forest expansion (Björnsen Gurung et al, 2009). On the other hand, rapid urban sprawl connected mainly with tourism development is noted at many sites in PC (Kozak, 2009).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Land cover transitions and changing climate conditions in the Polish Carpathians: Assessment and management implications

Kędra

Szczepanek

2019

Land Degrad Dev

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Widespread, human‐induced land cover (LC) transitions in areas surrounding national parks and nature reserves, accompanied by changing climate conditions, can trigger serious consequences for these natural environments and their ecosystems. The aim of the study was to assess the direction and magnitude of transitions in LC in the Polish Carpathians since 1990 for determining the current status of land degradation neutrality and future degradation risk as well as to analyze concomitant changes in climate conditions to enable sustainable land management. The study area encompasses six national parks with the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization biosphere reserves, several dozen nature reserves, and landscape parks and is a key source of drinking water in Poland. We studied detailed changes in LC (13 classes). The Wilcoxon signed rank test indicated significant increases in built‐up areas (urban fabric and industrial/transport infrastructure), waters, dense forest cover, and herbaceous vegetation but a decrease in heterogeneous agricultural areas. On the basis of two new methods, we assessed the LC transitions for 20 mountain catchments and for the entire Polish Carpathians. Although we found a slight positive transition in LC for the entire Polish Carpathians, clearly negative transitions occurred in the five analyzed catchments, including those covering two national parks. These LC transitions are accompanied by changing climate conditions with significant increases in air temperature and precipitation. The ongoing intensive urbanization in the studied mountain region, which is accompanied by significant regional warming, implies the need to apply sustainable management practices that will avoid or reduce degradation in the catchments involved.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Land cover transitions and changing climate conditions in the Polish Carpathians: Assessment and management implications

Kędra

Szczepanek

2019

Land Degrad Dev

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“…The Carpathian Mountains in Europe are a biodiversity hot spot; harbor many relatively undisturbed ecosystems; and are still rich in seminatural, traditional landscapes. The current status of global change research in the Carpathians, knowledge gaps, and avenues for future research are presented in Björnsen Gurung et al (2009).…”

Section: Contributions To Geophysics and Geodesymentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate of submontane location Stará Lesná (1988–2013)

Bíčárová

Mačutek

Bilčík

2014

Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy

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This paper focuses on evaluation of climatic data obtained at Meteorological Observatory GPI SAS Stará Lesná according to the classical daily observations carried out for period 1988-2013. Location is situated at the foothills of the High Tatra Mts. and represents submontane climate zone favourable for temperate coniferous and mixed forest vegetation. According to observations climate of Stará Lesná is characterized by average annual air temperature 5.9 • C that seasonally varies from -3.5 • C (DJF) to 15.2 • C (JJA). Air-temperature extremes range between -26.5 and 34.2 • C. Daily air temperature maxima and derived indices such as the number of summer days indicate moderate warming during last decade. Growing season length is about 195 days. Average annual precipitation is 744 mm, seasonal comparison shows nearly twice more precipitation amount in summer than winter half year. Snow depth is 35 cm on average, extraordinary over 50 cm. Relative air humidity is about 78%. Wet periods lasted from 5 to 13 consecutive wet days; substantially longer are dry periods from 14 to 39 days. Average sunshine duration is 1806 hours per year. The number of sunny days is clearly lower than the number of cloudy days. Surface air pressure 920.4 hPa relates to altitudinal position of site. Wind blows mostly from the more open southern side. Although average wind speed is rather low (2.1 m/s), occurrence of strong wind gusts above 40 m/s can cause such a spatial destruction of natural environment as in November 2004.

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“…Abandoning farming and the farmsteads, as well as the related reforestation process, are among the principal changes currently taking place in the Carpathians (Kozak, 2003(Kozak, , 2010Bezak et al, 2007;Kuemmerle et al, 2008;Sitko, Troll, 2008;Gurung et al, 2009) and other European mountain ranges (Garcia-Ruiz et al, 1996;MacDonald et al, 2000;Collantes, Pinilla, 2004;Roura-Pascual et al, 2005;Falcucci et al, 2007;Gellrich, Zimmermann, 2007;Soliva, 2007;Mladenov, 2011;Latocha, 2012;San Roman Sanz et al, 2013). However, simultaneously a reverse process of illegal logging is observed Griffiths et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformations of traditional land use and settlement patterns of Kosarysche Ridge (Chornohora, Western Ukraine)

Nowak

Tokarczyk

2014

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series

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abstract. The traditional character of Hutsul villages and their spatial development has been changing slowly but inevitably over the course of time. Historically, single farmsteads were built separately and were mostly self-sufficient, the distance between them being considerable. Nowadays, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the economic transformation brought along many changes, among these the fact that depopulation is taking place and alterations in spatial development are occurring again. The localisation of secluded farmsteads, situated far away from each other is no longer as important as it used to be. Reasons for the abandonment of farmsteads were examined, and factors such as altitude, distance from the village centre and the administration affiliation were taken into account. Land use changes were analysed in relation to the slope inclination. Some of the most important factors influencing the intensity and direction of these processes are high prices of land, improvement in living conditions, better access to services and the general 'westernisation' of lifestyles. The depopulation rate has been seen to increase in correlation with the rising altitude and distance from the village centre. On the other hand, there was no unambiguous link between the abandonment of farmsteads and administration affiliation. Mowed areas were localised on the slopes with the smallest inclination.

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Global Change Research in the Carpathian Mountain Region

Cited by 55 publications

References 14 publications

Land cover transitions and changing climate conditions in the Polish Carpathians: Assessment and management implications

Land cover transitions and changing climate conditions in the Polish Carpathians: Assessment and management implications

Climate of submontane location Stará Lesná (1988–2013)

Transformations of traditional land use and settlement patterns of Kosarysche Ridge (Chornohora, Western Ukraine)

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