Global Cerebral Atrophy Detected by Routine Imaging: Relationship with Age, Hippocampal Atrophy, and White Matter Hyperintensities

Al‐Janabi, Omar; Panuganti, Pradeep; Abner, Erin L.; Bahrani, Ahmed A.; Murphy, Ronan; Bardach, Shoshana H.; Caban‐Holt, Allison; Nelson, Peter T.; Gold, Brian T.; Smith, Charles D.; Wilcock, Donna M.; Jicha, Gregory A.

doi:10.1111/jon.12494

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With cerebral atrophy being a typical finding in WMH (Al‐Janabi et al, ), we have shown in our present study that thinning of the RNFL and GCIP was independently associated with focal lesions in hypertensive white matter of the brain and deteriorates with the severity of the lesions. Moreover, our study also showed that both damages in the retina (thinning of the sublayers of the retina) and brain (focal lesions) may already be present in the subclinical period, during which there are no apparent clinical symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Retinal sublayer defect is independently associated with the severity of hypertensive white matter hyperintensity

Kwapong

Peng

et al. 2019

Brain and Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose:To investigate the association of specific retinal sublayer thicknesses on optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers using the Fazekas scale in hypertensive white matter hyperintensity (WMH) subjects.Methods: Eighty-eight participants (32 healthy controls and 56 hypertensive white matter hyperintensity subjects) underwent retinal imaging using the OCT and MRI.A custom-built algorithm was used to measure the thicknesses of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer (GCIP). Focal markers for white matter hyperintensities were assessed on MRI and graded using the Fazekas visual rating. Results:Hypertensive WMH showed significantly reduced (p < .05) RNFL and GCIP layers when compared to healthy controls, respectively. A significant correlation was found between the RNFL (ρ = −.246, p < .001) and GCIP (ρ = −.338, p < .001) of the total participants and the Fazekas score, respectively. Statistical differences were still significant (p < .05) when correlations were adjusted for intereye correlation, age, hypertension, smoking, body mass index, and diabetes. Among the cases of hypertensive WMH, higher Fazekas scores were significantly associated (p < .05) with the thinning of both the RNFL and GCIP layers after adjustment of age and other risk factors. Conclusions:Retinal degeneration in the RNFL and GCIP was independently associated with focal lesions in the white matter of the brain and deteriorates with the severity of the lesions. We suggest that imaging and measurement of the retinal sublayers using the OCT may provide evidence on neurodegeneration in WMH. K E Y W O R D SFazekas scale, retina, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, white matter hyperintensity How to cite this article: Qu M, Kwapong WR, Peng C, et al.Retinal sublayer defect is independently associated with the severity of hypertensive white matter hyperintensity. Brain

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Retinal sublayer defect is independently associated with the severity of hypertensive white matter hyperintensity

Kwapong

Peng

et al. 2019

Brain and Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At each level, a score of 0 (absent), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (severe) was given. The GCA resulted from the sum of all items (from 0 to 39) [ 19 , 20 ]. White matter lesions (WML) were also analyzed on FLAIR acquisitions, with the Fazekas scale to assess white matter hyperintense lesions related to small vessels disease [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 cognitive deficits after respiratory assistance in the subacute phase: A COVID-rehabilitation unit experience

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction COVID-19 complications can include neurological, psychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial impairments. Little is known on the consequences of SARS-COV-2 on cognitive functions of patients in the sub-acute phase of the disease. We aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on cognitive functions of patients admitted to the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit of the San Raffaele Hospital (Milan, Italy). Material and methods 87 patients admitted to the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit from March 27th to June 20th 2020 were included. Patients underwent Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Data were divided in 4 groups according to the respiratory assistance in the acute phase: Group1 (orotracheal intubation), Group2 (non-invasive ventilation using Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure), Group3 (Venturi Masks), Group4 (no oxygen therapy). Follow-ups were performed at one month after home-discharge. Results Out of the 87 patients (62 Male, mean age 67.23 ± 12.89 years), 80% had neuropsychological deficits (MoCA and MMSE) and 40% showed mild-to-moderate depression. Group1 had higher scores than Group3 for visuospatial/executive functions (p = 0.016), naming (p = 0.024), short- and long-term memory (p = 0.010, p = 0.005), abstraction (p = 0.024), and orientation (p = 0.034). Group1 was younger than Groups2 and 3. Cognitive impairments correlated with patients’ age. Only 18 patients presented with anosmia. Their data did not differ from the other patients. FIM (<100) did not differ between groups. Patients partly recovered at one-month follow-up and 43% showed signs of post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion Patients with severe functional impairments had important cognitive and emotional deficits which might have been influenced by the choice of ventilatory therapy, but mostly appeared to be related to aging, independently of FIM scores. These findings should be integrated for correct neuropsychiatric assistance of COVID-19 patients in the subacute phase of the disease, and show the need for long-term psychological support and treatment of post-COVID-19 patients.

show abstract

“…The GCA resulted from the sum of all items (from 0 to 39). [19,20] White matter lesions (WML) were also analyzed on FLAIR acquisitions, with the Fazekas scale to assess white matter hyperintense lesions related to small vessels disease. [21] This scale consisted of a score of 0 (no or single WML), 1 (multiple WML), 2 (beginning confluence of WML), or 3 (large confluent WML).…”

Section: Evaluations and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 Cognitive Deficits After Respiratory Assistance in the Subacute Phase: A Covid-Rehabilitation Unit Experience

Alemanno

Houdayer

Parma

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionCOVID-19 complications can include neurological, psychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial impairments. Little is known on the consequences of SARS-COV-2 on cognitive functions of patients in the sub-acute phase of the disease. We aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on cognitive functions of patients admitted to the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit of the San Raffaele Hospital (Milan, Italy).Material and Methods87 patients admitted to the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit from March 27th to June 20th 2020 were included. Patients underwent Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Data were divided in 4 groups according to the respiratory assistance in the acute phase: Group1 (orotracheal intubation), Group2 (non-invasive ventilation using Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure), Group3 (Venturi Masks), Group4 (no oxygen therapy). Follow-ups were performed at one month after home-discharge.ResultsOut of the 87 patients (62 Male, mean age 67.23 ± 12.89 years), 80% had neuropsychological deficits (MoCA and MMSE) and 40% showed mild-to-moderate depression. Group1 had higher scores than Group3 for visuospatial/executive functions (p=0.016), naming (p=0.024), short- and long-term memory (p=0.010, p=0.005), abstraction (p=0.024), and orientation (p=0.034). Group1 was younger than Groups2 and 3. Cognitive impairments correlated with patients’ age. Only 18 patients presented with anosmia. Their data did not differ from the other patients. FIM (<100) did not differ between groups. Patients partly recovered at one-month follow-up and 43% showed signs of post-traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionPatients with severe functional impairments had important cognitive and emotional deficits which might have been influenced by the choice of ventilatory therapy, but mostly appeared to be related to aging, independently of FIM scores. These findings should be integrated for decision-making in respiratory and neuropsychiatric assistance of COVID-19 patients in the subacute phase of the disease, and show the need for long-term support and psychological treatment of post-COVID-19 patients.

show abstract

Global Cerebral Atrophy Detected by Routine Imaging: Relationship with Age, Hippocampal Atrophy, and White Matter Hyperintensities

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Retinal sublayer defect is independently associated with the severity of hypertensive white matter hyperintensity

Retinal sublayer defect is independently associated with the severity of hypertensive white matter hyperintensity

COVID-19 cognitive deficits after respiratory assistance in the subacute phase: A COVID-rehabilitation unit experience

Covid-19 Cognitive Deficits After Respiratory Assistance in the Subacute Phase: A Covid-Rehabilitation Unit Experience

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About