Global burden of non‐communicable diseases attributable to dietary risks in 1990–2019

Abstract

Background: Dietary risks raised attention around worldwide during the past decades. The aims of this burden-of-disease study were to evaluate the global dietary risks for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) from 1990 to 2019 and quantify their impact on mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study on deaths and DALYs from NCDs attributable to worldwide dietary risks were obtained and underwent deep analysis by year, age, gender, location, leading risks, and leading causes, and their associations were examined. The Socio-demographic Index (SDI) was used as an indicator of national socioeconomic status, and the relationships between age-standardized rates of deaths or DALYs and socioeconomic status.Results: In 2019, 7.9 million deaths and 187.7 million DALYs were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium and low intake of whole grains and fruits were leading dietary risks for deaths and DALYs worldwide. However, both indexes showed a decreasing trend by year, an increase by age, and a higher disease burden in males. The main distribution of dietary-related NCDs was located in highly populated countries. A negative association between the SDI and disease burden, and a positive association between the SDI and male preponderance were found.Conclusions: Dietary risk factors for NCDs increased signi cantly and varied across regions during 1990-2019. Therefore, greater efforts are needed to raise public awareness of interventions and improve dietary practices to reduce the disease burden caused by suboptimal dietary intake, especially in developing countries and among males.

Healthy Aging and Dietary Patterns

“…Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), a measure of disability caused by different pathological conditions, were largely attributed to dietary risk factors in 2019: 187.7 million DALYs and 7.9 million deaths. Low intake of fruits and whole grains as well as an elevated intake of sodium were chief dietary risk factors for increasing DALYs and mortality worldwide [7]. Furthermore, nutritional risk factors linked to NCDs escalated considerably from 1990 to 2019.…”

A Multidisciplinary Perspective of Ultra-Processed Foods and Associated Food Processing Technologies: A View of the Sustainable Road Ahead

“…UPFs are negatively perceived by part of the scientific community, the public, and policymakers alike, to the extent they are sometimes referred to as not "real food" [24]. Much of this bad press has been based on the concurrent increases in the consumption of UPFs, the prevalence rates of obesity, and the risk for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) attributed to diet [25][26][27][28]. Although there is considerable overlap between the processing classification and the healthfulness ranking of foods [29], processing and nutritional value are not linearly related to each other.…”

Social Factors of Dietary Risk Behavior in Older German Adults: Results of a Multivariable Analysis

“…The number of diet-related deaths and DALYs showed an increasing trend by age. Deaths peaked at age 70–74 years for males and age 80–84 years for females; DALYs peaked for both gender groups at age 65–69 years [ 8 ]. According to the GBD 2017 [ 5 ], improving dietary behavior across nations could prevent one in five deaths worldwide.…”