Global Burden of Ischemic Heart Disease and Attributable Risk Factors, 1990–2017: A Secondary Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Abstract

Objective To estimate the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) stratified by gender, age, geographic location, and social-demographic status for 21 regions across the world from 1990 to 2017. Methods Using the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) Results Tool, we extracted data on the incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates related to IHD, as IHD burden measures. Trend analyzes were conducted for major regions. Risk factors for DALYs (obtained from the GBD comparative risk assessment framework) were also analyzed. Results Globally, 10.6 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 9.6–11.8) cases of IHD occurred in 2017, with 8.9 million (95%UI:8.8–9.1) IHD-related deaths. Both the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and death rate (ASDR) declined from 1990 to 2017 (percentage change: 27.4% and 30.0%, respectively), with average annual percent change (AAPC) values of −1.2% and −1.3%, respectively. In 2017, the global number of IHD-related DALYs was 170.3 million (95%UI:167.1–174.0), and the middle socio-demographic index (SDI) quintile contributed the most to these DALYs. In most regions, indicators (incidence, mortality, and DALYs) declined steadily with SDI increased. High systolic blood pressure (SBP) was the most significant contributor to the DALYs in most regions, accounting for 118.18 million DALYs in 2017 globally, followed by high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and a diet low in nuts and seeds (101.78 and 52.86 million, respectively). Conclusion Even though the trend in IHD morbidity and mortality decreased globally, the IHD burden remains high, particularly in regions with lower SDI. It is necessary to learn successful and effective experience in controlling IHD risks and decreasing health disparities to reduce the IHD burden.

Pleiotropic vasoprotective effects of high-dose atorvastatin therapy in the context of achieving the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients after myocardial infarction

“…Среди всей кардиоваскулярной патологии ИБС сохраняет лидирующие позиции в качестве причины фатального исхода. По данным Wang F, et al (2021) в 2017г показатель фатального исхода по причине ИБС составил 8,9 млн человек в мире [15]. Несомненно, внушают оптимизм данные Росстата о снижении смертности от ИБС до 453,3 тыс.…”

Combination Therapy of Ezetimibe and Rosuvastatin for Dyslipidemia: Current Insights

“…Ischemic heart disease (IHD) affects over 10 million patients per year, resulting in over 8 million deaths globally with incidences varying by sex and geographical region. 1 A high circulating level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic plaque formation resulting in ischemic heart disease, peripheral artery disease, and ischemic stroke. The mainstay of both primary and secondary prevention treatment to lower LDL-C are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, or statins, which inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver.…”

Counteraction of Myocardial Ferritin Heavy Chain Deficiency by Heme Oxygenase-1

“…Despite scientific and technical progress in risk prediction, diagnostics, prognostication and therapeutic approaches, acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. It is estimated that MI results in over 7 million deaths every year globally [ 2 , 3 ]. In the United States, estimates suggest that an MI occurs every 40 s [ 3 ].…”