Global assessment of coral bleaching and required rates of adaptation under climate change

Donner, Simon D.; Skirving, William; Little, Christopher M.; Oppenheimer, Michael; Høegh-Guldberg, Ove

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01073.x

Cited by 534 publications

(519 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…2), based on Atmospheric-Ocean general circulation models predicted that Micronesia is particularly vulnerable to climate change over the next 30 years. It is predicted that Micronesia will be subjected to several thermal stress events, experiencing water temperatures considerably higher than historical averages (Donner et al 2005). Therefore it is critical to examine coral community trajectories following thermal stress events in Micronesia, since this geographic locality may be particularly impacted by global climate change and increased water temperatures in the near future.…”

Section: Palau Micronesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A nation-wide spot check survey of the reefs in 2001 showed low, overall coral cover (Table 1). While Micronesia is at a great distance from large human population centers, Donner et al (2005, their Fig. 2), based on Atmospheric-Ocean general circulation models predicted that Micronesia is particularly vulnerable to climate change over the next 30 years.…”

Section: Palau Micronesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palau’s coral reefs show differential habitat recovery following the 1998-bleaching event

et al. 2007

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Documenting successional dynamics of coral communities following large-scale bleaching events is necessary to predict coral population responses to global climate change. In 1998, high sea surface temperatures and low cloud cover in the western Pacific Ocean caused high coral mortality on the outer exposed reefs of Palau (Micronesia), while coral mortality in sheltered bays was low. Recovery was examined from 2001 to 2005 at 13 sites stratified by habitat (outer reefs, patch reefs and bays) and depth (3 and 10 m). Two hypotheses were tested: (1) rates of change of coral cover vary in accordance with habitat, and (2) recovery rates depend on recruitment. Coral cover increased most in the sheltered bays, despite a low recruitment rate, suggesting that recovery in bays was primarily a consequence of remnant regrowth. Recruitment densities were consistently high on the wave-exposed reefs, particularly the western slopes, where recovery was attributed to both recruitment and regrowth of remnants. Recovery was initially more rapid at 10 m than 3 m on outer reefs, but in 2004, recovery rates were similar at both depths. Rapid recovery was possible because Palau's coral reefs were buffered by remnant survival and recruitment from the less impacted habitats.

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Section: Palau Micronesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Palau Micronesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Palau’s coral reefs show differential habitat recovery following the 1998-bleaching event

et al. 2007

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“…The maximum monthly mean climatology is the maximum value of the observed monthly climatology [21]. The HotSpot (HS) value shows the difference between the SST and the MMM SST climatology: HotSpot = SST -MMM_SST_climatology Degree Heating Weeks (DHW) pre accumulates the instantaneous bleaching thermal stress (measured by HotSpots) during the most-recent 12-week period.…”

Section: B In-situ Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Long Term Thermal Stress on Egyptian Coral Reefs Based on Remotely Sensed Sea Surface Temperature Data

Eladawy¹,

Nadaoka²,

Negm³

et al. 2015

IJESD

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Abstract-Red Sea tourism is highly dependent on the natural resources especially the diversity of Egyptian coral reefs. Local coral bleaching monitoring framework was applied in this study to investigate the threats. The target area included the six richest spots of coral reefs in terms of bio-diversity and tolerance to various stresses. Assessment of the applicability and accuracy of remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST) data in the region were assessed by comparing them with in situ measurements. The annual and seasonal sea surface temperature (SST) trends have been investigated. Twenty three years (1990-2013) of SST data were used to assure accurate estimation of the monthly maximum mean (MMM) of SST Climatology. In addition, the Hot Spots were calculated for each location during last 23 years. A thermal stress index degree heating weeks (DHW) was calculated in order to assess the accumulative effect of heat stress. This work suggests the bleaching threshold limit for each location based on the long-term analysis. The thermal analysis results were in close agreement with the recorded bleaching events (2010 and 2012). Moreover, they revealed some historical events which may be not recorded properly.

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“…In addition, high sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) have been implicated in all episodes of mass bleaching documented to date (Glynn 1996, Baker et al 2008. Given that climate change is expected to increase the severity and frequency of thermal anomalies in the coming decades (Hoegh-Guldberg 1999, Hughes et al 2003, Donner et al 2005, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the capacity of corals to adapt or acclimatize at pace with projected rates of climate change (e.g. HoeghGuldberg et al 2007), and the potential role(s) of algal symbiont diversity in this process (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel algal symbiont (Symbiodinium spp.) diversity in reef corals of Western Australia

Silverstein

Correa

LaJeunesse³

et al. 2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The identity and diversity of algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) in reef corals is thought to influence to the resilience of reef ecosystems to climate change, and varies depending on coral species, environmental conditions, and biogeography. We examined these factors by surveying corals along a latitudinal gradient in Western Australia on reefs connected north to south by the warm-water Leeuwin Current. We used the internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2) region of ribosomal DNA to characterize Symbiodinium communities in 19 species of reef coral (in 16 genera) from tropical Dampier (20.5°S) to temperate Dunsborough (33.5°S). We documented a high number of novel ITS-2 types in Symbiodinium clades B (1 type) and C (14 types) as well as 7 previously reported ITS-2 types in clades B, C, and D. In addition, we compared symbiont distributions with Giovanni's OBIG MODIS-Aqua satellite temperature data set and found that the putatively thermotolerant Symbiodinium ITS-2 type D1a was more frequently detected in 'chronically warm' tropical sites than at 'chronically cool' temperate sites, while clade B symbiont types showed the reverse pattern, being found in certain corals at the southernmost sites. Symbiodinium type D1a was generally most abundant at Dampier, where bleaching had occurred 1 mo prior to sampling, although some variation by host taxa was observed. The diverse and novel Symbiodinium communities documented here may be a result of (1) the variable environmental histories of the study sites, (2) the apparent genetic divergence within this genus resulting from the relative isolation of Western Australian reefs, and/or (3) the frequent transport of symbionts (in hospite or free-living) from Indo-Malay reefs to Western Australia via the Leeuwin Current. These results indicate that understudied reefs in remote and isolated areas may contain Symbiodinium diversity that has not been reported previously.

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Global assessment of coral bleaching and required rates of adaptation under climate change

Cited by 534 publications

References 39 publications

Palau’s coral reefs show differential habitat recovery following the 1998-bleaching event

Palau’s coral reefs show differential habitat recovery following the 1998-bleaching event

Assessment of Long Term Thermal Stress on Egyptian Coral Reefs Based on Remotely Sensed Sea Surface Temperature Data

Novel algal symbiont (Symbiodinium spp.) diversity in reef corals of Western Australia

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