Global Air-ocean IN-situ System (GAINS)

Girz, C.; Macdonald, A. M.; Caracena, F.; Collander, R.S.; Lachenmeier, Tim; Anderson, Robert

doi:10.2514/6.1999-3870

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…There have been a number of proposals to utilize the capability of stratospheric balloons, such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) ultra-long duration balloon program (Smith and Cutts 1999). Some of the proposals include the capability for stratospheric balloons to act as platforms for dropsonde release, for example the Global Air-ocean In-situ System (GAINS) (Girz et al 1999) and a component of The Observing-system Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) (Shapiro and Thorpe 2003). Despite these proposals, no attempts have been made to estimate the benefit to numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems from using this new data source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assimilating data from a simulated global constellation of stratospheric balloons

Keil

2004

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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SUMMARYIn order to evaluate the effect of assimilating data from proposed stratospheric balloon networks, a variation of the standard Observation Systems Simulation Experiment (OSSE), called a Partial (or Poor-man's) OSSE, was developed. This technique was used to assimilate five different simulated balloon constellations. Increasing the constellation density increased the analysis and forecast accuracy, predominately near the balloon flight level (30 hPa) in the tropics and throughout the depth of the stratosphere at higher latitudes. However, the potential impact may be greater, since the saturation point, where assimilating extra observations produces no additional analysis benefit, was not reached for the range of constellation densities tested. Unrealistic analysis increments were produced during a sudden stratospheric warming period. This weakness arises from the use of climatological background-error statistics in assimilation schemes. Overall, the results are very encouraging and suggest that proposals to add a permanent constellation of stratospheric balloons to the global observing system are realistic and beneficial to the scientific community.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assimilating data from a simulated global constellation of stratospheric balloons

Keil

2004

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Transition of Weather Research to Operations: Opportunities and Challenges

Serafin¹,

MacDonald²,

Gall³

2002

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

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How the National Weather Service can implement, in a timely and continual manner, the rapid technological advances in the computing and software arena. T oday's weather forecasting services represent an impressive array of technology blended synergistically with scientific knowledge. It was less than a century ago that the possibility of numerically predicting the weather was suggested by Wilhelm Bjerknes (1904), Exner (1908), and by Cleveland Abbey (Gedzelman 1994). In 1922, Richardson attempted his ambitious and famous numerical forecast that failed. The reasons for the failure were many, but most significant was the lack of adequate observations, a condition that prevailed for more than 20 years (Lynch 1999). This changed when Motchanoff in Russia, Duckert in Germany, and Vaisala in Finland, independently developed the first practical radiosonde (Lange 1935). These elegant devices made feasible and affordable the measurements necessary to initialize numerical models. Still, the dream of numerical weather prediction remained elu

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