Glándulas salivales: un estudio clínicohistopatológico

Abstract

Introduction and objective:The diseases that affect the salivary glands cover a wide range of conditions and etiologies, including infectious, inflammatory, immunological or neoplastic pathologies. The objective of this study was to identify the most frequent salivary gland diseases diagnosed in the School of Dentistry of Araraquara of the São Paulo State University (FOAr-UNESP). Materials and methods: This retrospective descriptive study included all cases of salivary gland diseases diagnosed between 2009 and 2013. In total, 2,236 clinical records of the Oral Medicine Service and 1,217 histopathological reports of the Histopathological Diagnosis Service were evaluated. Results: We identified 254 patients diagnosed with salivary gland disease, predominantly women (1.5 F / M). The most frequent diagnoses were mucocele (38.6%), sialolithiasis (6.7%), sialadenitis (5.1%), ranula (4.3%), Sjögren's syndrome (2.8%), pleomorphic adenoma (1.2%) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (1.2%). The most frequent histopathological diagnosis was the phenomenon of extravasation of mucus (85.2%). A common clinical finding was xerostomia (39%), mainly in patients treated with antihypertensive (42.4%), psychiatric (35.3%), anti-inflammatory (20.2%) and drugs for the treatment of gastric ulcers (13.1%). Conclusions: Our findings show the importance of a careful diagnosis, not only for neoplastic lesions, but also for pathologies of autoimmune, inflammatory and traumatic origin, which make up a greater number of cases. In addition, oral health professionals should be aware of the high frequency of xerostomia and its association with the use of certain medications, due to its negative impact on the quality of life of those suffering from this condition.

Salivary Gland Diseases: A Retrospective Clinicopathological Study of 159 Cases

“…According to the WHO, salivary gland diseases affect females more than males, although some differences can be found when analyzing specific tumor types. In this study, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1.6, which was consistent with the majority of studies [3,12].…”

“…The study findings were consistent with the majority of the research groups which observed that the parotid gland is the most vulnerable to developing neoplastic lesions [3,26,27]. In this study, the benign neoplasm was present in a higher percentage than malignant cases which is consistent with other clinical observations.…”

“…The majority of the studied patients were in the sixth decade of life which was similar to previous investigations [12]. In this study, obstructive salivary gland disorders had a predilection for the age group 51-60 years, which is consistent with a previous study [3] while disagreeing with another study [13].…”

“…Tumors mostly affected the age group 31-40 years, which was similar to some previous investigations [14,15] but disagreed with the findings of the study by Gireesh [16]. Further, infections were mostly seen in the age group 71-80 years, which was in disagreement with a previous investigation [3]. Besides, there was a significant association between the age of the patients and the type of lesion.…”

“…Their diagnosis depends on histopathological and clinical aspects and sometimes on complementary analyses. However, in some cases, the clinical diagnostic impression is enough to establish a definitive diagnosis [3].…”