Glacier maxima in Baffin Bay during the Medieval Warm Period coeval with Norse settlement

Young, Nicolás E.; Schweinsberg, Avriel D.; Briner, Jason P.; Schaefer, Joerg M.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500806

Cited by 56 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Over the next~15 ka as temperatures increased, the GrIS retreated, reaching a smallerthan-present extent in the early to middle Holocene (e.g., Carlson et al, 2014;Larsen et al, 2015;Young and Briner, 2015). Superimposed on the general warming trend from the LGM to the middle Holocene were several rapid climate fluctuations in the North Atlantic region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have examined regional to continental-scale deglaciation of Greenland, using both proxy data and model results (e.g., Dyke, 2004;Simpson et al, 2009;Funder et al, 2011;Lecavalier et al, 2014;Young and Briner, 2015), with the emergence of 10 Be surface exposure dating enabling increasingly detailed and precise geochronological studies, improving our understanding of the patterns of ice retreat. Thirty-seven studies using 10 Be ages to date ice-marginal systems around Greenland have been published since 2007, addressing land-based retreat from the outer coast to the present margin ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diachronous retreat of the Greenland ice sheet during the last deglaciation

Sinclair

Carlson

Mix

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tThe last deglaciation is the most recent interval of large-scale climate change that drove the Greenland ice sheet from continental shelf to within its present extent. Here, we use a database of 645 published 10 Be ages from Greenland to document the spatial and temporal patterns of retreat of the Greenland ice sheet during the last deglaciation. Following initial retreat of its marine margins, most land-based deglaciation occurred in Greenland following the end of the Younger Dryas cold period (12.9e11.7 ka). However, deglaciation in east Greenland peaked significantly earlier (13.0e11.5 ka) than that in south Greenland (11.0e10 ka) or west Greenland (10.5e7.0 ka). The terrestrial deglaciation of east and south Greenland coincide with adjacent ocean warming. 14 C ages and a recent ice-sheet model reconstruction do not capture this progression of terrestrial deglacial ages from east to west Greenland, showing deglaciation occurring later than observed in 10 Be ages. This model-data misfit likely reflects the absence of realistic ice-ocean interactions. We suggest that oceanic changes may have played an important role in driving the spatial-temporal ice-retreat pattern evident in the 10 Be data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diachronous retreat of the Greenland ice sheet during the last deglaciation

Sinclair

Carlson

Mix

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…Young et al (2015), based on results from relatively poorly age-constrained moraine dates of glacier advances, questioned the long-standing notion within palaeoclimatology that Greenland was exceptionally warm around the time of Norse 55 settlement (in the 980s CE). They argue that the medieval warming in the Arctic did not extend to Greenland, thus challenging our long-held understanding of the settlement and later abandonment of Norse Greenland.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variability of Arctic summer temperatures over the past two millennia: an overview of the last major climate anomalies

Werner

Divine

Ljungqvist

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract.In this article, the first spatially resolved millennium-long summer (June-August) temperature reconstruction over the Arctic and Subarctic domain (north of 60• N) is presented. It is based on a set of 54 annually dated temperature sensitive proxy archives of various types, mainly from the updated and revised PAGES2k database supplemented with 6 new recently published proxy records. As a major novelty, an extension of the Bayesian BARCAST climate field (CF) reconstruction technique provides 5 a means to treat climate archives with dating uncertainties. In total 1400 realisations of the temperature CF were generated, enabling further analyses to be carried out in a probabilistic framework. The new seasonal CF reconstruction for the Arctic region can be shown to be skilful for the majority of the terrestrial nodes. The decrease in the proxy data density back in time however limits the analyses in the spatial domain to the period after 750 CE, while the spatially averaged reconstruction covers the entire time interval of 1-2002 CE. The analysis of basic features of the reconstructed seasonal CF focuses on the regional 10 expression of past major climate anomalies in order to uncover the potential of the new product for studying Common Era temperature variability in the region.The long-term, centennial to millennial, evolution of the reconstructed temperature is in good agreement with a general pattern that was inferred in recent studies for the Arctic and its sub-regions. On the pan-Arctic scale the reconstruction shows a cooling trend which is, however, statistically insignificant and the estimated magnitude of the millennial scale cooling is three

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“…I was alerted to it by a paper authored by one of my colleagues at Lamont-Doherty (Young et al 2015). In it was reproduced the NAO reconstruction for the last 400 years published by Trouet et al (2009) [1976][1977].…”

Section: What Happened In 1976-1977?mentioning

confidence: 99%

When climate change predictions are right for the wrong reasons

Broecker

2017

Climatic Change

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Just over 40 years ago, I wrote a paper entitled "Climate change: Are we on the brink of a pronounced global warming?" In it, I attempted to explain why despite a rise in the atmosphere's CO2 content there had been no significant warming. I predicted that a natural cooling was about to give way to a warming, and that industrial emissions of CO2 would amplify this warming. The paper published in Science in 1975. Warming did follow in 1976-1977 However, a retrospective look shows that my analysis was flawed. What is more-and to my chagrin-based on the words "global warming" in my Science paper, I was given the title "Father of Global Warming." Not only did I not like this title, I had done little to merit it.

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Glacier maxima in Baffin Bay during the Medieval Warm Period coeval with Norse settlement

Abstract: The Baffin Bay region was relatively cool during the Medieval Warm Period coinciding with the period of Norse settlement.

Cited by 56 publications

References 58 publications

Diachronous retreat of the Greenland ice sheet during the last deglaciation

Diachronous retreat of the Greenland ice sheet during the last deglaciation

Spatio-temporal variability of Arctic summer temperatures over the past two millennia: an overview of the last major climate anomalies

When climate change predictions are right for the wrong reasons

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