Spatio-temporal variability of Arctic summer temperatures over the past two millennia: an overview of the last major climate anomalies

Werner, Johannes P.; Divine, Dmitry; Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier; Nilsen, Tine; Francus, Pierre

doi:10.5194/cp-2017-29

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Specifically, they reported cold periods around 410 CE and between 1380 and 1420 CE, while warm temperatures are noted from 230 BCE to 140 CE and around 600 to 1000 CE. The latter is consistent with findings by Werner et al (2017), who date the maximum of the MCA in the Arctic to the period between about 960 and 1060 CE, which is in line with our qualitative NAO reconstruction. A positive NAO phase during the second half of the first millennium would have lead to generally warmer temperatures and less sea ice and would thus have been favorable to marine ecosystems in the region (Hurrell et al, 2003).…”

Section: Possible Impacts On Human Societiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Reconstructing Late Holocene North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes using functional paleoclimate networks

Franke¹,

Werner²,

Donner³

2017

Preprint

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In this paper, the authors use a network approach to investigate climate teleconnec-tions across the North Atlantic region during the Common Era and relate climate in this region to the NAO. The authors take an interesting approach toward utilizing published paleoclimate records for reconstructing a regionally important climate index. I agree with the other Referees that this work should be published with some modifications outlined below. I am in agreement with Referee 1 who suggests that the authors take a more "peda-gogical" approach toward describing their methodology. Whenever possible, relating the purpose of equations in words as well, providing definitions for all variables, and including a table of variables that readers can refer back to would help to clarify the C1

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Section: Possible Impacts On Human Societiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Reconstructing Late Holocene North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes using functional paleoclimate networks

Franke¹,

Werner²,

Donner³

2017

Preprint

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“…Our review of the original publications presenting the data used to develop the Arctic 2k database led us to raise some concerns about the actual temperature controls on proxy. In some case, the correlation between proxy measurements and instrumental temperatures is significant but weak, with a correlation coefficient lower than 0.5 (e.g., Bird et al, 2009;D'Arrigo et al, 2005, Spielhagen et al, 2011Wiles et al, 2014). Such weak relationships suggest that the variability recorded by the proxies is not exclusively linked to the mean annual temperature but probably also relates to other parameters, climatic or not.…”

Section: Paleoclimate Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate variability in subarctic area for the last two millennia

Nicolle

Debret

Massei

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. To put in perspective the recent climate change, it is necessary to extend the instrumental climate records with proxy data from palaeoclimate archives. Arctic climate variability for the last two millennia has been investigated using statistical and signal analyses from three regionally averaged records from the North Atlantic, Siberia and Alaska based on many sort of proxy data archived in the Arctic 2k database. In the North Atlantic and Alaska areas, the major climatic trend is characterized by long-term cooling interrupted by the recent warming that started at the beginning of the 19th century. This cooling trend is not clearly visible in the Siberian region. The Little Ice Age (LIA) was identified from the individual series and is characterized by an important spatial and temporal expression of climate variability. It started at the earliest by around 1200 AD and ended at the latest in the middle of the 20th century. The large spread temporal coverage of LIA did not show regional consistency or particular spatial distribution and did not show relationship with archive/proxy type either. A focus on the last two centuries shows a recent warming characterized by a well-marked warming trend paralleling with increasing greenhouse gas emissions. It also shows a multi-decadal variability likely due to natural processes acting on the internal climate system variability at regional scale. A 16–30 years cycle is found in Alaska and seems to be linked to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) whereas ~ 20–30 and ~ 50–90 years periodicities characterize the North Atlantic climate regime, likely in relation with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). These regional features are apparently linked to the sea-ice cover fluctuations through ice-temperature positive feedback.

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“…Most temperature reconstructions include different types of archives and proxies (Moberg et al, 2005;Mann et al, 2009;Kaufman et al, 2009;Ljungqvist, 2010;Marcott et al, 2013) and some studies focused on a single paleoclimate archive type and/or area (e.g., McGregor et al, 2015, for oceans;Weissbach et al, 2016, for ice core; Wilson et al, 2016, for tree rings). In the Arctic and subarctic area • N), several multi-proxy reconstructions of temperatures encompassing the last 2 millennia were published on a global (PAGES 2k Consortium, 2013;McKay and Kaufman, 2014;Werner et al, 2017) and regional scale (Hanhijärvi et al, 2013). The annual resolution of these reconstructions allows the study of the climate variability from low frequencies (i.e., millennial and multi-centennial fluctuations) to high frequencies such as decadal variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate variability in the subarctic area for the last 2 millennia

et al. 2018

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Abstract.To put recent climate change in perspective, it is necessary to extend the instrumental climate records with proxy data from paleoclimate archives. Arctic climate variability for the last 2 millennia has been investigated using statistical and signal analyses from three regionally averaged records from the North Atlantic, Siberia and Alaska based on many types of proxy data archived in the Arctic 2k database v1.1.1. In the North Atlantic and Alaska, the major climatic trend is characterized by long-term cooling interrupted by recent warming that started at the beginning of the 19th century. This cooling is visible in the Siberian region at two sites, warming at the others. The cooling of the Little Ice Age (LIA) was identified from the individual series, but it is characterized by wide-range spatial and temporal expression of climate variability, in contrary to the Medieval Climate Anomaly. The LIA started at the earliest by around AD 1200 and ended at the latest in the middle of the 20th century. The widespread temporal coverage of the LIA did not show regional consistency or particular spatial distribution and did not show a relationship with archive or proxy type either. A focus on the last 2 centuries shows a recent warming characterized by a well-marked warming trend parallel with increasing greenhouse gas emissions. It also shows a multidecadal variability likely due to natural processes acting on the internal climate system on a regional scale. A ∼ 16-30-year cycle is found in Alaska and seems to be linked to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, whereas ∼ 20-30-and ∼ 50-90-year periodicities characterize the North Atlantic climate variability, likely in relation with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. These regional features are probably linked to the sea ice cover fluctuations through ice-temperature positive feedback.

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Spatio-temporal variability of Arctic summer temperatures over the past two millennia: an overview of the last major climate anomalies

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Reconstructing Late Holocene North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes using functional paleoclimate networks

Reconstructing Late Holocene North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes using functional paleoclimate networks

Climate variability in subarctic area for the last two millennia

Climate variability in the subarctic area for the last 2 millennia

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