Glacial to interglacial changes in non-carbonate and carbonate accumulation in the SW Pacific Ocean, New Zealand

Carter, L; Neil, Helen L; McCave, I Nick

doi:10.1016/s0031-0182(00)00137-1

Cited by 97 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…peak glacial stages and subsequent glacial-interglacial transitions prior to the resumption of higher carbonate sedimentation in interglacial periods. Sedimentation rates estimated from sediment cores in the western Bounty Trough vary between 1.9-11.8 cm/ka for marine isotope stages 1 and 2 [Carter et al, 2000], consistent with 2.0-9.3 cm/ka interpreted for "Parasound" profile 'P'.…”

Section: Paleo-pockmarks On Peak Glacial-interglacial Transitionssupporting

confidence: 75%

Gas escape features off New Zealand: Evidence of massive release of methane from hydrates

Davy

Pecher

Wood

et al. 2010

Geophysical Research Letters

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Multibeam swath bathymetry data from the southwest margin of the Chatham Rise, New Zealand, show gas release features over a region of at least 20,000 km2. Gas escape features, interpreted to be caused by gas hydrate dissociation, include an estimated a) 10 features, 8–11 km in diameter and b) 1,000 features, 1–5 km in diameter, both at 800–1,100 m water depth. An estimated 10,000 features, ∼150 m in diameter, are observed at 500–700 m water depth. In the latter depth range sub‐bottom profiles show similar gas escape features (pockmarks) at disconformities interpreted to mark past sea‐level low stands. The amount of methane potentially released from hydrates at each of the largest features is ∼7*1012 g. If the methane from a single event at one 8–11 km scale pockmark reached the atmosphere, it would be equivalent to ∼3% of the current annual global methane released from natural sources into the atmosphere.

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Section: Paleo-pockmarks On Peak Glacial-interglacial Transitionssupporting

confidence: 75%

Gas escape features off New Zealand: Evidence of massive release of methane from hydrates

Davy

Pecher

Wood

et al. 2010

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…It is absent in core R657, similar to other cores from the Hikurangi Plateau to the north of the Chatham Rise [ Carter et al , 1995]. All cores in this study come from the pelagic drape area surrounding the Chatham Rise where hemipelagic sedimentation has been continuous with little disturbance over the last few glacial cycles [ Carter et al , 2000].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Glacial‐interglacial sea surface temperature changes across the subtropical front east of New Zealand based on alkenone unsaturation ratios and foraminiferal assemblages

et al. 2002

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[1] We present sea surface temperature (SST) estimates based on the relative abundances of long-chain C 37 alkenones (U 37 K 0 ) in four sediment cores from a transect spanning the subtropical to subantarctic waters across the subtropical front east of New Zealand. SST estimates from U 37 K 0 are compared to those derived from foraminiferal assemblages (using the modern analog technique) in two of these cores. Reconstructions of SST in core tops and Holocene sediments agree well with modern average summer temperatures of $18°C in subtropical waters and $14°C in subpolar waters, with a 4°-5°C gradient across the front. Down core U 37SST estimates indicate that the regional summer SST was 4°-5°C cooler during the last glaciation with an SST of $10°C in subpolar waters and an SST of $14°C in subtropical waters. Temperature reconstructions from foraminiferal assemblages agree with those derived from alkenones for the Holocene. In subtropical waters, reconstructions also agree with a glacial cooling of 4°to $14°C. In contrast, reconstructions for subantarctic preHolocene waters indicate a cooling of 8°C with glacial age warm season water temperatures of $6°C. Thus the alkenones suggest the glacial temperature gradient across the front was the same or reduced slightly to 3.5°-4°C, whereas foraminiferal reconstructions suggest it doubled to 8°C. Our results support previous work indicating that the STF remained fixed over the Chatham Rise during the Last Glacial Maximum. However, the differing results from the two techniques require additional explanation. A change in euphotic zone temperature profiles, seasonality of growth, or preferred growth depth must have affected the temperatures recorded by these biologically based proxies. Regardless of the specific reason, a differential response to the environmental changes between the two climate regimes by the organisms on which the estimates are based suggests increased upwelling associated with increased winds and/or a shallowing of the thermocline associated with increased stratification of the surface layer in the last glaciation.

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“…Positioned at the upper limit of CDW today, site 83 is expected to be bathed by waters subject to wind-driven upwelling in the past as well. The timing of the ½CO 3 2À rise coincides with increased upwelling indicated by opal accumulation near the Antarctic Polar Front (Anderson et al, 2009), expansion of warm-temperate podocarp forest in New Zealand (Newnham et al, 1989), a sharp decrease in marine mass accumulation rates (Carter et al, 2000), and rapid warming and glacier recession in both New Zealand and Patagonia (Denton et al, 1999;Putnam et al, 2013b). The sharpness of some of these changes (e.g.,~4 C warming in New Zealand in~800 years, Putnam et al, 2013b) seems more consistent with the idea of a hemispherewide shift in STF/westerly wind position, which can occur very rapidly, as opposed to the more gradual trapping of heat in the Southern Hemisphere ocean/atmosphere system of the thermal bipolar seesaw mechanism (Crowley, 1992;Stocker and Johnsen, 2003).…”

Section: Heinrich Stadial 1 (~18e146 Ka)mentioning

confidence: 88%

Southwest Pacific deep water carbonate chemistry linked to high southern latitude climate and atmospheric CO2 during the Last Glacial Termination

Allen

Sikes

Hönisch

et al. 2015

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tA greater amount of CO 2 was stored in the deep sea during glacial periods, likely via greater efficiency of the biologic pump and increased uptake by a more alkaline ocean. Reconstructing past variations in seawater carbonate ion concentration (a major component of alkalinity) enables quantification of the relative roles of different oceanic CO 2 storage mechanisms and also places constraints on the timing, magnitude, and location of subsequent deep ocean ventilation. Here, we present a record of deep-water inorganic carbon chemistry since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM;~19e23 ka BP), derived from sediment core RR0503-83 raised from 1627 m in New Zealand's Bay of Plenty. The core site lies within the upper limit of southern-sourced Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW), just below the lower boundary of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). We reconstruct past changes in bottom water inorganic carbon chemistry from the trace element and stable isotopic composition of calcite shells of the epibenthic foraminifer Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi. A record of DCO 3 2À ðDCO 3 2À ¼ ½CO 3 2À in situ À ½CO 3 2À saturation Þ derived from the foraminiferal boron to calcium ratio (B/Ca) provides evidence for greater ice-age storage of respired CO 2 and reveals abrupt deglacial shifts in ½CO 3 2À in situ of up to 30 mmol/kg (5 times larger than the difference between average LGM and Holocene values). The rapidity of these changes suggests the influence of changing water mass structure and atmospheric circulation in addition to a decrease in CO 2 content of interior waters.

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Glacial to interglacial changes in non-carbonate and carbonate accumulation in the SW Pacific Ocean, New Zealand

Cited by 97 publications

References 64 publications

Gas escape features off New Zealand: Evidence of massive release of methane from hydrates

Gas escape features off New Zealand: Evidence of massive release of methane from hydrates

Glacial‐interglacial sea surface temperature changes across the subtropical front east of New Zealand based on alkenone unsaturation ratios and foraminiferal assemblages

Southwest Pacific deep water carbonate chemistry linked to high southern latitude climate and atmospheric CO2 during the Last Glacial Termination

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