Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491

Wei, Wen-Qi; Guo, Qinghua; Guo, Chunbao; Cui, Xian-Shu; Ma, Xuemei; Shen, Xianliang; Luo, Ying

doi:10.1155/2021/6815713

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Moreover, as demonstrated by several studies, decreased miR-491-3p was exhibited in gastric cancer specimen as compared with the normal tissue [ 17 , 25 ], being consistent with our clinical results. In a previous study, ginsenoside Rh2, an anticancer nutrient, did lower the activity of colon cancer cells, and under its intervention, the cells presented dysregulation of miR-491-3p and metastasis activities [ 26 ]. In addition, miR-491-3p was overexpressed in noncancerous tissues compared with its expression in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) tissues, which inhibited PTC cell migration and invasion possibly via targeting NEAT1_2 and TGM2 [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Expression of miR-491-3p Is Correlated with Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastric Cancer

Luo

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. MiR-491-3p, as a tumor suppressor miRNA, was found decreased in many solid tissues. In this study, we aim to investigate miR-491-3p expression in gastric cancer with or without lymph node metastasis (LNM). Methods. GSE173215 dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used to measure miRNA expression from tissue samples of gastric cancer patients. Moreover, gastric tumor tissues (non-LNM: n = 78; LNM: n = 68) were obtained to detect the miR-491-3p expression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analysis, as well as Cox regression analysis, were performed to reveal the role of miR-491-3p in diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer. Results. According to GSE173215 datasets (t = −11.25, adjust P value = 1.30E-06) and our clinical results (0.390 ± 0.193 vs. 0.562 ± 0.166, P < 0.005 ), the gastric cancer patients with LNM showed lower miR-491-3p expression than those without LNM, demonstrating a high diagnostic efficiency (sensitivity: 74.36%; specificity: 69.12%). In addition, both LNM and low miR-491-3p expression were correlated with the poor prognosis of gastric cancer. Furthermore, the LNM patient with low expression of miR-491-3p had the worse prognosis, but the non-LNM patient with high expression of miR-491-3p had the best prognosis. MiR-491-3p expression (HR = 0.003, 95%CI: 3.35E-04∼0.028) and LNM (HR = 2.326, 95%CI: 1.046∼5.173) were independent risk factors for gastric cancer. Conclusion. Downregulated miR-491-3p expression was found in gastric cancer, being a high diagnostic efficiency and an independent risk factor for gastric cancer, especially in those having LNM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Expression of miR-491-3p Is Correlated with Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastric Cancer

Luo

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…As a new type of programmed cell death, apoptosis has been confirmed to participate in the pathogenesis and progression of AMI by regulating the inflammatory response and stimulating the release of proinflammatory factors, but the exact mechanism has not yet been clearly elucidated [15]. Rh2, the main active component of ginseng, has shown excellent effects in multiple pathological improvements, such as antitumor, antiallergy, antiinflammation, enhancing immunity, and resisting hypoxia, in addition to a certain protective role in CVD [16][17][18][19]. erefore, this paper intends to verify in vivo whether Rh2 can exert anti-inflammatory action by regulating CM pyroptosis in AMI rats, thus alleviating myocardial injury and providing a reliable theoretical basis for future treatment of AMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ginsenoside Rh2 on Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Song¹,

Dai²,

Dai³

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. This paper intends to verify through in vivo experiments whether ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) can play an anti-inflammatory role by modulating cardiomyocyte (CM) pyroptosis in rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), thereby alleviating myocardial injury. Methods. Twenty SD rats were randomized into control, L-Rh2, M-Rh2, and H-Rh2 groups, among which the latter three groups were modeled for AMI and given an intraperitoneal injection of G-Rh2 (L-Rh2: 2 mg/kg; M-Rh2: 4 mg/kg; H-Rh2: 8 mg/kg), while the control group was only treated with thoracotomy and sodium chloride injection. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were recorded by ultrasonic diagnosis. Rats were killed under anesthesia, and the morphological characteristics of ventricular tissue were observed by electron microscope. Additionally, cardiac blood and ventricular tissues were collected to quantify the contents of myocardial injury markers (creatine phosphate kinase (CK), creatine phosphokinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) by ELISA, as well as the expression of pyroptosis-related genes cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 (Caspase-1), gasdermin D (GSDMD), interleukin (IL)-1β, and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) by qRT-PCR and Western blot). Results. Ultrasonic examination identified lower HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, and LVSP in the three Rh2 injection groups compared with the control group ( P < 0.05); and in comparison with M- and H-Rh2 groups, HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, and LVSP were all lower in L-Rh2 group, while LVEDP was higher ( P < 0.05). Microscopically, CMs and organelles in the L-RH2, M-RH2, and H-RH2 groups were damaged to varying degrees compared with the control group, with those in the L-RH2 group being the most serious. CK, CK-MB, and LDH were also the highest in the L-Rh2 group and the lowest in the control group, while their levels were obviously reduced in M- and H-Rh2 groups ( P < 0.05). Finally, GSDMD, IL-1β, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 were found to be reduced in the control group, while pyroptosis-related gene expression in the M-Rh2 group was improved markedly ( P < 0.05). Conclusion. G-Rh2 can inhibit the pathological development of AMI by relieving the focal death of CM and inhibiting the release of proinflammatory factors in the body, and the effect is significantly related to the dosage, which is expected to become a new treatment option for AMI in the future.

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“…found that ginsenoside Rh2 induces the death of CRC cells and inhibits cancer cell migration by activating NF- κ B transcriptional activity ( Li et al, 2011 ). Rh2 induces the expression of miR491 to inhibit the metastasis of CRC cells ( Wei et al, 2021 ). Ginsenoside Rg3 and 5-fluorouracil combined treatment of CRC cells enhances the anti-tumor effect of 5-fluorouracil in CRC cells and inhibits tumor invasion and migration through the PI3K/AKT pathway ( Sun et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Ginsenosides Change the Basic Hallmarks Of Crc Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenosides: an immunomodulator for the treatment of colorectal cancer

Qian,

Jiang,

2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Ginsenosides, the primary bioactive ingredients derived from the root of Panax ginseng, are eagerly in demand for tumor patients as a complementary and alternative drug. Ginsenosides have increasingly become a “hot topic” in recent years due to their multifunctional role in treating colorectal cancer (CRC) and regulating tumor microenvironment (TME). Emerging experimental research on ginsenosides in the treatment and immune regulation of CRC has been published, while no review sums up its specific role in the CRC microenvironment. Therefore, this paper systematically introduces how ginsenosides affect the TME, specifically by enhancing immune response, inhibiting the activation of stromal cells, and altering the hallmarks of CRC cells. In addition, we discuss their impact on the physicochemical properties of the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we discuss the application of ginsenosides in clinical treatment as their efficacy in enhancing tumor patient immunity and prolonging survival. The future perspectives of ginsenoside as a complementary and alternative drug of CRC are also provided. This review hopes to open up a new horizon for the cancer treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine monomers.

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Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Low Expression of miR-491-3p Is Correlated with Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastric Cancer

Low Expression of miR-491-3p Is Correlated with Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastric Cancer

Influence of Ginsenoside Rh2 on Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Ginsenosides: an immunomodulator for the treatment of colorectal cancer

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