Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates oxidative stress and myocardial apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Abstract:We evaluated the cardioprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in a diabetic rat model induced with high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Ginsenoside Rg1 was injected intraperitoneally for 12 weeks. Myocardial injury indices and oxidative stress markers were determined. Changes in cardiac ultrastructure were evaluated with transmission electron microscopy. Myocardial apoptosis was assessed via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT)-mediated DNA nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry. Ginsenoside Rg1 was associated with a significant dose-dependent reduction in serum levels of creatinine kinase MB and cardiac troponin I, and lessened ultrastructural disorders in diabetic myocardium, relative to the untreated diabetic model rats. Also, compared with the untreated diabetic rats, significant reductions in serum and myocardial levels of malondialdehyde were noted in the ginsenoside Rg1-treated groups, and increased levels of the antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were detected. TUNEL staining indicated reduced myocardial apoptosis in ginsenoside Rg1-treated rats, which may be associated with reduced levels of caspase-3 (CASP3) and increased levels of B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL) in the diabetic myocardium. Ginsenoside Rg1 treatment of diabetic rats was associated with reduced oxidative stress and attenuated myocardial apoptosis, suggesting that ginsenoside Rg1 may be of potential preventative and therapeutic value for cardiovascular injury in diabetic patients.

Protective mechanisms of hypaconitine and glycyrrhetinic acid compatibility in oxygen and glucose deprivation injury

“…Researchers have found PI3K/Akt to be a powerful survival pathway in numerous systems; cells can accelerate apoptosis by inhibiting PI3K and decelerate apoptosis by activating Akt (Hemmings and Restuccia, 2012). It was found that a decrease of caspase-9 activation could indicate the cardioprotective effects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis (Sun et al, 2014;Yu H.T. et al, 2015).…”

Antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of tartary buckwheat rice flavonoids after in vitro digestion

“…Oxidative stress is a notorious factor in the development of degenerative and age-related diseases such as diabetes (Lee et al, 2007;Hosaka et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2015), cancer (Lee et al, 2013;Zhu, 2016), immunity (Yu et al, 2016), liver injury (Zhang et al, 2014;Pang et al, 2015), cardiovascular (Andriantsitohaina et al, 2012) and neurodegenerative diseases (Choi et al, 2015). Oxidative stress-induced perturbations in the antioxidant defence systems of the body lead to DNA damage and cellular dysfunction, which is further linked to diabetes.…”

Optical and structural properties of biological tissues under diabetes mellitus

“…The studies [81] of human atrium samples in vitro performed after reoxygenation and perfusion that modelled ischemia revealed the cell apoptosis and necrosis stronger expressed in patients with type I and type II diabetes mellitus. In rats with streptozotocininduced diabetes, the apoptosis of myocardial cells was also observed [74].…”

“…The aging of organism is accompanied by structural and functional modifications of macromolecules [70]. The changes that occur in the tissues of the organism under the development of diabetes mellitus are investigated both in laboratory animals using experimental models [9][10][11]17, 39, 40, 42, 45-47, [71][72][73][74][75][76][77] and directly in patients in the course of clinical examination [12,35,[78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87].…”