Ginkgolide B protects human pulmonary alveolar epithelial A549 cells from lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory responses by reducing TRIM37‐mediated NF‐κB activation

Abstract

The treatment options for acute stroke combined with pulmonary infection are limited. Clinically, there are several therapies to promote blood circulation and dissipate blood stasis; these treatment options include ginkgolide B (GB), which has PAF (platelet activating factor)‐inhibiting effects. PAF‐receptor (PAF‐R) antagonists are used to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases; however, the potential of PAF‐R antagonists as a treatment for lung infections remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to investigate the protective effect of GB on lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory responses in A549 human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiC) in vitro. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by CCK‐8 and flow cytometry. TRIM37, Caspase‐3, and NF‐κBp65 expression levels were measured by real‐time PCR and Western blotting. The release of tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1β was measured by ELISA. The data indicates that GB may reduce TRIM37 expression by antagonizing the PAF‐R pathway, thereby inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor‐κB and alleviating the inflammatory response of alveolar epithelial cells. This study is the first to provide insight into the therapeutic potential of GB and suggests that clinical application of GB in acute stroke combined with pulmonary inflammation may be efficacious.

Ginkgolide B Alleviates Learning and Memory Impairment in Rats With Vascular Dementia by Reducing Neuroinflammation via Regulating NF-κB Pathway

“…Enhanced inflammatory response is often occurred in VD and many regulators such TNF-α and NF-κB as important mediators of inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of VD. GB is a natural PAF-R antagonist, which can reduce inflammation, increase cerebral blood flow, improve cerebral vascular circulation, prevent thrombosis caused by platelet aggregation and promote learning function of memory (Gu et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2020;Xiang et al, 2020). Studies have shown that GB has a neuroprotective effect on neuronal cells deprived of oxygen and glucose (Yang et al, 2018) and exerts an antioxidant effect on oxidative stress caused by transient focal cerebral ischemia (Liu et al, 2019).…”

miR‐942‐5p prevents sepsis‐induced acute lung injury via targeting TRIM37

“…35,36 TRIM37 has been previously demonstrated by its regulatory role in inflammatory diseases, such as hepatic fibrosis 37 and acute stroke-associated pulmonary inflammation. 38 Recently, Chen et al reported that TRIM37 is directly regulated by miR-944 involved in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammatory response in ALI mice and LPS-induced WI-38 cells. 39 In the present study, the mRNA and protein levels of TRIM37 were highly expressed in LPS-induced A549 cells.…”

Attenuation of acute and chronic inflammation using compounds derived from plants

“…This can protect and alleviate the inflammatory response of alveolar epithelial cells from inflammatory damage and may thus be of use in reducing the severity of the virally induced cytokine storm. 39…”