Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Attenuates Obesity and Adipose Tissue Remodeling in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice

Abstract

Obesity is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue, which is an active endocrine organ regulating energy metabolism. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiobesity effects, but the role of ginger in modulating adipocyte metabolism is largely unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that ginger supplementation inhibits high-fat (HF)-diet-mediated obesity. C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to three diets for 7 weeks: low fat (LF, 16% kcal from fat), HF (HF, 60% kcal from fat), or HF with 5% ginger powder in diet (HF + G). The HF diet increased body weight (BW) and BW gain, as well as fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and hepatic lipid levels, compared to the LF diet-fed group. Ginger supplementation significantly improved HF-diet-induced BW gain, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hepatic steatosis without altering food intake. Next, we investigated whether ginger modulates adipocyte remodeling. HF-mediated adipocyte hypertrophy with increased lipogenic levels was significantly improved by ginger supplementation. Furthermore, the HF+G group showed high levels of the fatty-acid oxidation gene, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which was accompanied by a reduction in adipocyte inflammatory gene expression. Taken together, our work demonstrated that ginger supplementation attenuated HF-diet-mediated obesity and adipocyte remodeling in C57BL/6 mice.

Obesity and Insulin Resistance Components of Metabolic Syndrome Induced by High-fructose Diet in Wistar Rats could be attenuated by Spices-Supplemented Diets

“…Diet supplementations with these spices could therefore ameliorate hyperglycemia and its accompanying consequences. The improved insulin sensitivity in the group fed ginger supplemented diet could be through up-regulation of FGF-21 as reported by Seok et al (2021). In addition to increasing energy expenditure and fat utilization, FGF21 is reported to prevent development of metabolic derangement by normalizing glucose and lipid homeostasis (Wing and Po, 2016).…”

“…It follows from the finding that supplementation of the diet (2%) with any of ginger, garlic, turmeric and black pepper could retard/reverse the progression of obesity in diet-induced obese rats (Table 4) which could be due to increase in thermogenesis, energy expenditure and lipolysis coupled with inhibition of the intestinal absorption of dietary fat; conditions that could have been mediated by some bioactive compounds contained in the spices. Seok et al (2021) reported that ginger intake caused upregulation of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) all of which increase fatty-acid utilization and consequently cause decrease in weight. Previously, Sayed et al (2020) and Wang et al (2020) had demonstrated antiobesity properties of ginger which resulted into decrease in body weight and fat mass in models of animal.…”

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of preclinical and clinical studies on the efficacy of ginger for the treatment of fatty liver disease

“…When full‐text articles were assessed for eligibility criteria, a total of 75 studies were excluded. Finally, 20 eligible studies were identified, of which 17 in‐vivo experiments were included in the quantitative analysis/meta‐analysis (Bin‐Meferij, Shati, Eid, & El‐Kott, 2017; Chang, Liou, Tzeng, & Liu, 2014; Faran et al, 2019; H. Gao et al, 2012; Heeba & Abd‐Elghany, 2010; Kandeil, Hashem, Mahmoud, Hetta, & Tohamy, 2019; Lai et al, 2016; Leal et al, 2019; Lee, Ahn, Jang, Ha, & Jung, 2016; Liu, Huo, Zhang, & Zhang, 2003; Nammi et al, 2010; Nwozo, Osunmadewa, & Oyinloye, 2014; Sakr, Mahran, & Lamfon, 2011; Sharma & Singh, 2012; Shirpoor et al, 2018; Tzeng, Liou, Chang, & Liu, 2013; Seo, Fang, & Kang, 2021). 3 clinical trials were included in the qualitative analysis (Nayebi Far & Ghasemi, 2021; Rafie, Hosseini, Hajiani, Saki Malehi, & Mard, 2020; Rahimlou, Yari, Hekmatdoost, Alavian, & Keshavarz, 2016).…”

“…;Nwozo, Osunmadewa, & Oyinloye, 2014;Sakr, Mahran, & Lamfon, 2011;Sharma & Singh, 2012;Shirpoor et al, 2018;Tzeng, Liou, Chang, & Liu, 2013;Seo, Fang, & Kang, 2021).3 clinical trials were included in the qualitative analysis (Nayebi Far & Ghasemi, 2021; Rafie, Hosseini, Hajiani, Saki Malehi, & Mard, 2020; Rahimlou, Yari, Hekmatdoost, Alavian, & Keshavarz, 2016). F I G U R E 1 Flow diagram of the literature search regarding the effect of ginger on fatty liver T A B L E 1 Characteristics of the included studies…”

Ginger from Farmyard to Town: Nutritional and Pharmacological Applications

“…In another study, consumption of a high-fat diet supplemented with ginger powder (5%) caused improvements in body weight and gain, hepatic lipid levels, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and lipogenic levels in C57BL/6 mice. Also, ginger enhanced levels of the fatty-acid oxidation gene, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), and downregulated the adipocyte inflammatory gene expression (Seo et al, 2021).…”