Gigantomastia complicating mirror syndrome in pregnancy

Vidaeff, Alex C.; Ross, Patti Jayne; Livingston, Christopher; Parks, Donald H.

doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(03)00061-9

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Abnormal excessive breast enlargement at puberty, which may have an endocrine aetiology, is known as juvenile gigantomastia. Gigantomastia has also been reported in cases of mirror syndrome in pregnancy 6. The description of a few cases outside puberty and pregnancy7 8 makes the hormonal aetiology even more uncertain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational gigantomastia with complete resolution in a Nigerian woman

Ezem

Osuagwu²,

Opara³

2011

Case Reports

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BACKGROUNDGestational gigantomastia is a very rare condition and only about 100 cases have been reported in the literature. This is the fi rst case of gigantomastia in pregnancy in our collective experience and is signifi cant because to the best of our knowledge, few cases of postpartum complete spontaneous resolution have been reported. The breasts are of vital importance to the newborn child, particularly in developing countries where breast feeding is common. Breast feeding confers numerous advantages on the infant including reduced mortality rate and improved neurological development. Physiological enlargement of the breasts occurs at puberty and during pregnancy, when it starts very early and is sustained until delivery. The factors controlling breast growth are complex and not completely understood, although oestrogens, progesterones, prolactin, growth hormone and adrenal steroids are all known to play a role. Sometimes this process goes wrong resulting in an excessively large and painful breast called gestational gigantomastia (gravidic gigantomastia, mammary hyperplasia of pregnancy) or virginal hyperplasia when it occurs at puberty. This rare but important condition of the breast not only interferes with breast feeding but may cause severe maternal morbidity and even mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational gigantomastia with complete resolution in a Nigerian woman

Ezem

Osuagwu²,

Opara³

2011

Case Reports

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“…As a result of the substantial increase in the size of the breasts, physical consequences develop, including postural problems, skin ulcerations, and localized bleeding, in addition to the effect of the condition on the patient's psychological status, directly affecting her pregnancy [2, 5, 20]. The patient described in the present report developed depression and her maternal risk factor increased, since, with the progressive increase in the size of her breasts, she developed necrosis and recurrent infections to such an extent that her pregnancy had to be interrupted at 28 weeks of gestational age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gestational macromastia is a clinical condition that, theoretically, requires surgical intervention, since it is a phenomenon that could be triggered again by subsequent pregnancies, even those resulting in abortion [5, 13, 19]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the introduction of dopaminergic receptor agonists, other less aggressive forms of management began to be adopted with good results, irrespective of when the medication was initiated and despite the fact that these drugs neither avoided nor minimized the complications of the condition such as ulcerations and local necrosis [5, 14–17]. In the present case, both bromocriptine and cabergoline were used, both at the recommended doses; however, there was no improvement in the progression of the pathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although its etiology has yet to be clarified, it has been associated with the response of breast receptors to gestational hormones and with hyperprolactinemia [2–4]. Gestational gigantomastia was first reported by Palmuth in 1648 and since then fewer than 100 cases have been reported in the literature [5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management and Follow-Up of a Case of Gestational Gigantomastia in a Brazilian Hospital

Reis

Santos

Pagio

et al. 2014

Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Gigantomastia is a breast disorder that is associated with an exaggerated, rapid growth of the breasts, generally bilaterally. Since the pathology is rare and has seldom been described, its etiology has yet to be fully established, although there are speculations that a hormonal component may play an important role. Treatment is aimed at improving the clinical and psychological symptoms; however, the best therapeutic option varies from case to case. The present report describes a case of gestational gigantomastia seen at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, in a primigravida in the second trimester of pregnancy. The report follows this patient from her diagnosis until the completion of treatment with a third and final surgical procedure.

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