Giardia lamblia: The effects of extracts and fractions from Mentha x piperita Lin. (Lamiaceae) on trophozoites

Vidal, Fábio; Vidal, Juliana C.; Gadelha, Ana Paula Rocha; Lopes, Cláudia S.; Coelho, Marsen Garcia Pinto; Monteiro-Leal, Luiz Henrique

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2006.05.001

Cited by 50 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These structures play a decisive role in the attachment of the parasite to inert superficies and to intestinal cells and were a common antigiardial drug target explored (Holberton 1973(Holberton , 1974. Internalization of flagella in response to external stress has been noted previously with trichomonads and with Giardia (Abonyi 1995;Vidal et al 2007). Moreover, the effect on Giardia adherence may be due also an interruption of energy production on the parasite exposed to essential oils enabling the ventral disc to attach (Gardner and Hill 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Note the round shape and the internalization of flagella (d, e, g), irregular ventral and dorsal surface (e, f, g: asterisks), and membrane blebs (c, d, g: arrows). a, b Bars = 5 μm; c-e bars = 1 μm; f bar = 5 μm; g bar = 1 μm Calzada et al 2006;Moon et al 2006;Barbosa et al 2007;de Almeida et al 2007;Vidal et al 2007). These authors showed the effects of different plants, fractions, or purified compounds on proliferation, adherence, and, in some of them, on the morphology of G. lamblia trophozoites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Anti-Giardia activity of phenolic-rich essential oils: effects of Thymbra capitata, Origanum virens, Thymus zygis subsp. sylvestris, and Lippia graveolens on trophozoites growth, viability, adherence, and ultrastructure

et al. 2010

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The present work evaluates the anti-Giardia activity of phenolic-rich essential oils obtained from Thymbra capitata, Origanum virens, Thymus zygis subsp. sylvestris chemotype thymol, and Lippia graveolens aromatic plants. The effects were evaluated on parasite growth, cell viability adherence, and morphology. The tested essential oils inhibited the growth of Giardia lamblia. T. capitata essential oil is the most active followed by O. virens, T. zygis subsp. sylvestris, and L. graveolens oils. The tested essential oils at IC50 (71-257) microg/ml inhibited parasite adherence (p < 0.001) since the first hour of incubation and were able to kill almost 50% of the parasites population in a time-dependent manner. The main ultrastructural alterations promoted by essential oils were deformations in typical trophozoite appearance, often roundly shape, irregular dorsal and ventral surface, presence of membrane blebs, electrodense precipitates in cytoplasm and nuclei, and internalization of flagella and ventral disc. Our data suggest that essential oils induced cell death probably by processes associated to the loss of osmoregulation caused by plasmatic membrane alterations. Experiments revealed that the essential oils did not present cytotoxic effects in mammalian cells. In conclusion, T. capitata, O. virens, T. zygis subsp. sylvestris chemotype thymol, and L. graveolens essential oils have antigiardial activity in vitro and seem to have potential for the treatment of the parasitic disease caused by the protozoan G. lamblia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Anti-Giardia activity of phenolic-rich essential oils: effects of Thymbra capitata, Origanum virens, Thymus zygis subsp. sylvestris, and Lippia graveolens on trophozoites growth, viability, adherence, and ultrastructure

et al. 2010

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“…The common treatment for G. intestinalis infections relies on metronidazole and some other drugs such as furazolidone, tinidazole, and albendazole (Cruz et al, 2003;Escobedo and Cimerman, 2007;Gardner and Hill, 2001). Although these drugs are usually effective, but their potential side effects include metallic taste, headache, nausea, urticaria, pruritus, dark colored urine, vomiting, mild hemolysis in G6PDH deficiency, anorexia and constipation (Calzada et al, 2006;Vidal et al, 2007). Moreover, drug resistance of the protozoa is now becoming the main problems of therapy (Upcroft and Upcroft, 2001;Wright et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of 1-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone from Coptosapelta flavescens as an anti-giardial activity

et al. 2015

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“…In addition, for semiautomated method, the delimited area for cell counting is more specific and the scientist does not need to change the specimen configuration because of specialized counting techniques. Besides that, this system is capable of identifying G. lamblia trophozoites despite morphological alterations caused by several drugs (Gadelha et al 2005;Vidal et al 2006), showing the reproducibility of this method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For all experiments, IEC-6 cells were trypsinized, 2×10 5 cells/ml were inoculated in 24-well tissue culture plates and cultivated for 3 to 4 days, until the monolayers were confluent (Gadelha et al 2005;Vidal et al 2006). The IEC-6 culture was incubated in the presence of the DMSO at concentrations of 0.002%, 0.02%, 0.2%, and 1% for 24 h under the conditions described above.…”

Section: Intestinal Epithelial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of a semiautomated computer method to determine the effects of DMSO on Giardia lamblia–intestinal cell interaction

2007

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In this work, we describe a semiautomated computer method to evaluate the activity of a common drug solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), on in vitro Giardia lamblia-host cell interaction. To compare the number of intestinal cells (IEC-6) and the adhered trophozoites over a specific area in control and treated coculture, a computer routine was created. Using video-light microscopy and digital image-processing tools, the operator was able to count the number of epithelial cells or parasites when they were still lying on the slide surface and without the need to detach them from the substrate for counting with a hemocytometer or other counting devices. Using this strategy, we calculated the total cell number per area and verified the effects of different concentrations of DMSO on G. lamblia-intestinal cell interaction and on the IEC-6 culture. At concentrations of 0.2% and 1%, this solvent produced a fragmentation on the monolayer of epithelial cells. However, DMSO did not affect the attachment of G. lamblia. In the course of these experiments, we compared the semiautomated method to the manual counting method and found that the first one generated smaller standard deviations (SD) than the second.

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Giardia lamblia: The effects of extracts and fractions from Mentha x piperita Lin. (Lamiaceae) on trophozoites

Cited by 50 publications

References 33 publications

Anti-Giardia activity of phenolic-rich essential oils: effects of Thymbra capitata, Origanum virens, Thymus zygis subsp. sylvestris, and Lippia graveolens on trophozoites growth, viability, adherence, and ultrastructure

Anti-Giardia activity of phenolic-rich essential oils: effects of Thymbra capitata, Origanum virens, Thymus zygis subsp. sylvestris, and Lippia graveolens on trophozoites growth, viability, adherence, and ultrastructure

Mechanisms of 1-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone from Coptosapelta flavescens as an anti-giardial activity

The evaluation of a semiautomated computer method to determine the effects of DMSO on Giardia lamblia–intestinal cell interaction

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