Ghrelin in plants: What is the function of an appetite hormone in plants?

Aydın, Süleyman; Geçkil, Hikmet; Zengin, Fikriye Kirbağ; Ozercan, Halil Ibrahim; Karataş, Fikret; Turgut-Balık, Dilek; Özkan, Yusuf; Dagli, Ferda; Çelik, Venhar

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2006.01.005

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It has been suggested that ghrelin-like molecules, i.e., those structurally related to the appetite-stimulating lipopeptide hormone which was first isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of rats (Kojima et al, 1999), are ubiquitously present in living organisms (Aydin et al, 2006). These molecules have been found in microorganisms (i.e., viruses, archaea, and phototrophic bacteria), animals and plants, where they fulfill different functions (e.g., inhibition of apoptosis), especially those connected with food intake and cell proliferation (Aydin, 2007).…”

Section: Communication Signals Through Different Biological Kingdomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These molecules have been found in microorganisms (i.e., viruses, archaea, and phototrophic bacteria), animals and plants, where they fulfill different functions (e.g., inhibition of apoptosis), especially those connected with food intake and cell proliferation (Aydin, 2007). For instance, a structural homolog ( N -octanoyl homoserine lactone) of ghrelin is produced by Gram-negative bacteria as a quorum sensing (QS) autoinducer and cell-to-cell communication molecule, which is also involved in food-searching (Aydin et al, 2006). …”

Section: Communication Signals Through Different Biological Kingdomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling

2016

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Gut microbiota provides the host with multiple functions (e.g., by contributing to food digestion, vitamin supplementation, and defense against pathogenic strains) and interacts with the host organism through both direct contact (e.g., through surface antigens) and soluble molecules, which are produced by the microbial metabolism. The existence of the so-called gut–brain axis of bi-directional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS) also supports a communication pathway between the gut microbiota and neural circuits of the host, including the CNS. An increasing body of evidence has shown that gut microbiota is able to modulate gut and brain functions, including the mood, cognitive functions, and behavior of humans. Nonetheless, given the extreme complexity of this communication network, its comprehension is still at its early stage. The present contribution will attempt to provide a state-of-the art description of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota can affect the gut–brain axis and the multiple cellular and molecular communication circuits (i.e., neural, immune, and humoral). In this context, special attention will be paid to the microbial strains that produce bioactive compounds and display ascertained or potential probiotic activity. Several neuroactive molecules (e.g., catecholamines, histamine, serotonin, and trace amines) will be considered, with special focus on Glu and GABA circuits, receptors, and signaling. From the basic science viewpoint, “microbial endocrinology” deals with those theories in which neurochemicals, produced by both multicellular organisms and prokaryotes (e.g., serotonin, GABA, glutamate), are considered as a common shared language that enables interkingdom communication. With regards to its application, research in this area opens the way toward the possibility of the future use of neuroactive molecule-producing probiotics as therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurogastroenteric and/or psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Communication Signals Through Different Biological Kingdomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Communication Signals Through Different Biological Kingdomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling

2016

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“…ELISA (quantitative analysis) and a highly specific immunohistochemical analysis that utilized a human anti‐ghrelin antibody demonstrated that ghrelin‐like peptides were present in the flower bud of S. aromaticum but not in the tissues of the branch of S. persica . S. aromaticum contains ghrelin at concentrations higher than those in human salivary gland (Figure 1), rat kidney, human kidney, human stomach, P. x domestica L (common plum) and Morus alba (mulberry) (Aydin et al, 2006). From the calculated molecular mass of 3244.6 for the 28‐amino acid sequence of the peptide, these concentrations are significantly higher than the average ghrelin levels (150 fmol) found in the plasma of fasting humans (reviewed, Aydin, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IHC was carried out using the ABC (streptavidin—avidin–biotin—peroxidase complex) procedure with minor modifications (Hsu et al, 1981; Aydin et al, 2006). Sections (4 μm) were mounted on silanized slices, and the solutions utilized were freshly prepared before staining.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical and quantitative analysis of ghrelin inSyzygium aromaticum

et al. 2011

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Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, has been identified in mammals, fish, amphibians, birds, reptiles and some plants. The present investigation was designed to determine whether ghrelin is present in the appetite-stimulating plants Syzygium aromaticum and Salvadora persica, using IHC (immunohistochemistry) to indicate the location of the peptide and ELISA to measure the concentration. ELISA demonstrated that a ghrelin-like substance was present at concentrations of 4070.75±664.67 and 75.25±24.49 pg/mg in the tissues of flower bud of S. aromaticum and branch of S. persica, respectively. The concentration of ghrelin in human salivary gland tissue was 436.00±95.83 pg/mg. Ghrelin was predominantly localized to the T (trachea) and PCs (parenchyma cells) in the flower bud of S. aromaticum. However, no ghrelin immunoreactivity was observed in the PC or T of the branch of S. persica. The evolutionary role of this peptide hormone in plants and animals suggests that they have evolved in a more similar way than previously thought.

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“…The presence of this hormone, however, has recently been reported in various other tissues, organs (Kojima and Kangawa, 2005;Aydin, 2007a) and body fluids such as saliva (Aydin et al, 2005;Groschl et al, 2005), milk (Aydin et al, 2006a;Ilcol and Hizli, 2007) and urine (Yoshimoto et al, 2002). Further, a recent study from this laboratory reported the expression of this hormone in various plants (Aydin et al, 2006b), indicating an evolutionary origin. The peptide is composed of 28 amino acid residues and acts as a growth hormone releaser and also an appetite stimulator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Simultaneous quantification of acylated and desacylated ghrelin in biological fluids

Aydın

Karataş

Geçkil

2008

Biomedical Chromatography

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This study reports simultaneous quantification of both acylated and desacylated forms of ghrelin in biological samples, utilizing a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. The HPLC assay was also compared with RIA assays in use. Biological samples (serum, saliva, urine, milk) known for the presence of ghrelin were collected from a total of eight post-partum women and eight male volunteers. Analysis of ghrelin with HPLC was also validated for linearity, precision, detection limit and accuracy. An elution time of 6 min was observed for pure (commercial) desacylated human ghrelin and for the same form of the hormone from all body fluids studied. The elution time for acylated pure human ghrelin and that in body fluids, however, was around 16 min. The mean recovery rate was over 90% for both forms with no significant interference. The lowest detectable levels for acylated and desacylated ghrelin with the method used here were 11 (+/-2) and 14 (+/-3) pg mL(-1), respectively. Given its simplicity, accuracy, time and cost-effectiveness, the HPLC method described here for determination of two forms of ghrelin (active and inactive) might prove useful for certain diagnostic purposes.

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Ghrelin in plants: What is the function of an appetite hormone in plants?

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling

The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling

Immunohistochemical and quantitative analysis of ghrelin inSyzygium aromaticum

Simultaneous quantification of acylated and desacylated ghrelin in biological fluids

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