Gestational Weight Gain and its Relation with Birth Weight of the Newborn

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational weight gain is an important predictor of the health of the newborn. It is affected by body mass index of the women. This study was conducted to find out gestational weight gain according to Institute of Medicine 2009 recommendation and relationship of newborn birth weight to body mass index and gestational weight gain of the women.
 Methods: It was cross sectional, hospital based study. The women, who attended at term pregnancy for delivery and having recorded first trimester body weight, were included in the study. Their body mass index was calculated and they were stratified into 4 groups according to body mass index. The gestational weight gain was calculated by subtracting first trimester body weight from body weight at the time of admission for delivery. All the women were followed till delivery. The newborn birth weight was taken immediately after delivery.
 Results: A total of 227 women were enrolled in the study. More than half of the women had normal body mass index. There were 36% overweight and obese women. Mean gestational weight gain was 10.21 kg, and mean weight of the newborn was 3.05 kg. There were equal number of women who had adequate weight gain and less weight gain according to the recommendation. Excess weight gain was seen in 15% of women. Women of higher body mass index and women who had gain more weight during pregnancy had larger newborns.
 Conclusions: Body mass index and gestational weight gain of the women were important predictors of birth weight of the newborn.

Compliance with gestational weight gain recommendations in a cross-sectional study of term pregnancies — how far reality falls from the standard?

“…Interestingly this effect was not observed at all in obese women. Identical results published Thapa and Paneru [18]. Compared to pre-pregnancy BMI that is confirmed to correlate with neonatal birthweightour study confirms conclusions from previous studies based on IOM [18][19][20].…”

Monitoring gestational weight gain and prepregnancy BMI using the 2009 IOM guidelines in the global population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…1 ). Included studies were published between 2010 and 2018, 21 were from North America [ 61 – 81 ], 20 were from Europe [ 5 , 42 – 60 ], 13 were from Asia [ 29 – 41 ], four were from Oceania [ 82 – 85 ], four were from South America [ 86 – 89 ] and one was from Africa [ 28 ].…”

“…Studies were published from 2009 to 2017 [ 5 , 28 – 89 ]. The population recruitment periods were 1 year in 12 studies [ 28 , 34 , 35 , 39 , 41 , 50 , 53 , 58 , 59 , 67 , 85 , 86 ], 2 years in 15 studies [ 30 , 33 , 36 , 37 , 40 , 54 – 56 , 60 , 74 , 83 , 84 , 87 – 89 ] and more than 2 years in 36 studies [ 5 , 29 , 31 , 32 , 38 , 42 – 49 , 51 , 52 , 57 , 61 – 66 , 68 – 73 , 75 – 82 ].…”

“…Preterm delivery rates were reported by 40 studies ranging from 0.0 to 21.34% (Table 1 ) [ 28 , 29 , 31 – 35 , 37 , 39 – 42 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 51 , 52 , 54 – 56 , 59 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 65 – 67 , 69 , 70 , 72 , 73 , 76 , 77 , 79 – 82 , 84 , 88 , 89 ]. Twenty studies did not report the mean BMI [ 30 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 41 , 42 , 55 , 58 , 61 , 70 – 72 , 74 , 78 , 80 , 82 , 83 , 88 ] and only two studies did not report the prevalence of BMI categories [ 48 , 63 ]. Furthermore, regarding the methods of collecting GWG: eighteen studies measured the GWG [ 30 , 36 , 43 , 45 – 48 , 52 , 54 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 65 , ...…”

“…1). Included studies were published between 2010 and 2018, 21 were from North America , 20 were from Europe [5,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60], 13 were from Asia [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], four were from Oceania [82][83][84][85], four were from South America [86][87][88][89] and one was from Africa [28].…”