Gestational diabetes alters the male bias for cesarean section.

Knights, Sallyanne; Lucas, Eliane; Moses, Rebecca

doi:10.2337/diacare.23.3.425

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, a higher rate of CS in male fetuses was not confirmed in a small study addressing this outcome in women with GDM. 27 In the series reported here, risk of CS in GDM pregnancies with a male fetus is slightly but significantly increased when unadjusted (RR ϭ 1.22) and also after adjustment using multivariate logistic regression (OR ϭ 1.48).…”

Section: Explanation Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Perinatal Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus According to Fetal Sex

et al. 2012

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Section: Explanation Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Perinatal Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus According to Fetal Sex

et al. 2012

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“…The relationship between fetal gender, birth weight, and GDM is a complicated issue with some debate in the literature (12, 13). Male gender is associated with increased rates of GDM and increased birth weights.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some concluded that this was due to higher male neonatal birth weights resulting in difficult labor (11, 12), studies that controlled for this cofactor still had significantly higher cesarean deliveries in male deliveries. (6, 16)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal gender and pregnancy outcomes in Libya: a retrospective study

Khalil¹,

Alzahra²

2013

Libyan Journal of Medicine

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ObjectiveThe relationship between pregnancy outcomes and fetal gender is well reported from different areas in the world, but not from Africa. In this study, we try to understand whether the recorded phenomenon of association of adverse pregnancy outcomes with a male fetus applies to our population.Materials and methodsA total of 29,140 patient records from 2009 and 2010 were retrieved from Aljalaa Maternity Hospital, Tripoli, Libya. Analysis was carried out to find the correlation between fetal gender and different pregnancy outcomes.ResultsA male fetus was associated with an increased incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (odds risk 1.4), preterm delivery (6.7% for males, 5.5% for females, odds risk 1.24), cesarean section (23.9% for males, 20% for females, odds risk 1.25), and instrumental vaginal delivery (4.4% for males, 3.1% for females, odds risk 1.48), p<0.005. Preeclampsia was more frequent among preterm females and postterm males, p<0.005. It was also more frequent in male-bearing primigravids, p<0.01.ConclusionWe confirm the existence of an adverse effect of a male fetus on pregnancy and labor in our population. We recommend further research to understand the mechanisms and clinical implications of this phenomenon.

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