Gestão de Stakeholders: Estado da Arte e Perspectivas

Abstract

Purpose – this research aims to present an overview of the stakeholder management, reviewing the main models and theoretical propositions and investigating the phenomena addressed in the empirical papers on the theme.Design/methodology/approach – A bibliometric survey and sociometric analysis were undertaken considering the international and national publications related to the topic between 1980 and 2019.Originality / Value: The stakeholder approach has developed in recent years and its application is increasingly present in several areas of management, having a strong dialogue on the emerging issues of society. This study has an academic relevance advancing the dissemination of current knowledge in stakeholder theory integrating to the empirical studies.Findings – the main results were discussed in order to analyze: the variables related to stakeholder management; the stakeholder management models applied in empirical studies; the main results in studies on stakeholders’ conflict of interest; and discussions about stakeholder influence and pressure.Research implications – The research contribution consists in the elaboration of a panorama of the stakeholder management, presenting the main theoretical and empirical contributions, and the dimensions for future studies perspectives, being: i) Creation, co-creation and value distribution; ii) cooperation, involvement, and stakeholder engagement; iii) Influence of stakeholder management on performance; and iv) networks, relationships, and multi-stakeholder influences.

Capacidades dinâmicas para gestão de stakeholders

“…A teoria dos stakeholders ganhou posição de destaque na literatura de estudos organizacionais (Bridoux & Stoelhorst, 2014;Bundy, Vogel, & Zachary, 2017;Freeman, Harrison, Wicks, Parmar, & De Colle, 2010;Laplume, Sonpar, & Litz, 2008), especialmente em razão do potencial para o gerenciamento de organizações em ambientes complexos (Freeman, 1984). Sua aplicação está presente na interlocução de questões emergentes da sociedade, sendo reconhecida como uma área fundamental para o crescimento e o desenvolvimento de estratégias para a criação de valor e melhoria do desempenho organizacional (Harrison et al, 2010;Mascena & Stocker, 2020).…”

“…Uma das definições mais utilizadas para o termo stakeholders é proposta por Freeman (1984, p. 46), que o considera "grupos ou indivíduos que podem afetar ou são afetados pela consecução dos objetivos da organização". Outras definições, entre mais amplas e restritas, também são empregadas para conceituar stakeholders (Friedman & Miles, 2006;Mascena & Stocker, 2020).…”

Dynamic capabilities for stakeholder management

“…Stakeholder theory has gained a prominent position in the organizational studies literature (Bridoux & Stoelhorst, 2014;Bundy, Vogel, & Zachary, 2017;Freeman, Harrison, Wicks, Parmar, & De Colle, 2010;Laplume, Sonpar, & Litz, 2010;Laplume, Sonpar, & Litz, 2008), especially because of the potential for managing organizations in complex environments (Freeman, 1984). Its application is present in the dialogue of emerging issues in society, being recognized as a fundamental area for growth and the development of strategies for creating value and improving organizational performance (Harrison et al, 2010;Mascena & Stocker, 2020).…”

“…One of the most used definitions for the term stakeholders is proposed by Freeman (1984, p. 46), who considers it as "any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organization's objectives." Other definitions, including broader and narrower ones, are also used to conceptualize stakeholders (Friedman & Miles, 2006;Mascena & Stocker, 2020). The most recent ones include the importance of stakeholders in value creation processes.…”

A teoria dos stakeholders no Brasil: produção acadêmica no período de 2014 a 2019

“…A Teoria dos Stakeholders tem ganhado destaque no ambiente acadêmico e empresarial, sendo, inclusive, objeto de discussão no Fórum Econômico Mundial em 2020, em que foi articulada a necessidade de reformar o capitalismo em direção ao stakeholder capitalism, ou seja, ao capitalismo que considera os interesses de diversos atores (Stakeholders) em substituição a um capitalismo que prioriza acionistas (Mascena & Stocker, 2020). Isso porque, desde a crise financeira global de 2008, há a demanda da sociedade por um capitalismo mais responsável, de modo que a Teoria de Stakeholders tem encontrado cada vez mais conexão com a prática organizacional (Freeman, Phillips & Sisodia, 2020).…”