Germination of <i>Orobanche crenata</i> seeds, as influenced by conditioning temperature and period

Hezewijk, M. J.; Beem, A.P. van; Verkleij, J. A. C.; Pieterse, A.H.

doi:10.1139/b93-090

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This assumption is supported by the work of van Hezewijk et al (1994) and López-Granados and Garcia-Torres (1999), who studied seasonal changes in the germination response of buried seeds of O. crenata. The results from field experiments were highly consistent with the results of in vitro experiments by van Hezewijk et al (1993) on development of secondary dormancy during prolonged preconditioning of O. crenata at different temperatures. However, more detailed studies will be necessary to answer this question.…”

Section: Ecological Consequencessupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This rapid change in the sensitivity of Orobanche and Striga seeds to the germination stimulant during prolonged preconditioning has not been reported before, although many authors have studied the effects of preconditioning and temperature on germination of parasitic weed seeds (e.g. Reid and Parker, 1979;Hsiao et al, 1988;Van Hezewijk et al, 1993). In most of these studies, relatively high concentrations of germination stimulants were used.…”

Section: Changes In Sensitivity To Germination Stimulantsmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Changes in the sensitivity of parasitic weed seeds to germination stimulants

Matúšová

Mourik

Bouwmeester³

2004

Seed Sci. Res.

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The effects of preconditioning temperature and preconditioning period on the sensitivity of parasitic weed seeds to the synthetic germination stimulant GR24 were studied under laboratory and field conditions. The temperature during preconditioning of Orobanche cumana and Striga hermonthica seeds strongly affected the responsiveness of the seeds to the applied germination stimulant. Preconditioning at an optimal temperature (21°C for O. cumana and 30°C for S. hermonthica) rapidly released dormancy and increased the sensitivity to GR24 by several orders of magnitude. After reaching maximum sensitivity, prolonged preconditioning rapidly induced secondary dormancy, i.e. decreased sensitivity of O. cumana and S. hermonthica to GR24. The rapid change in sensitivity of preconditioned seeds to germination stimulants during prolonged preconditioning was particularly visible at low concentrations of GR24. GR24 at higher concentrations (0.1 and 1 mg l -1 ) usually induced high germination of both species, regardless of the preconditioning period. The striking similarities between the response of parasitic weed seeds to GR24, described here, and results in the literature on non-parasitic wild plant seeds are discussed. Our results show that parasitic weed seeds are highly sensitive to the germination stimulant for a short period of time only, and then enter into secondary dormancy relatively quickly. The similar germination pattern of S. hermonthica seeds preconditioned for prolonged periods of time under laboratory and field conditions suggests that the mechanism observed is of ecological significance.

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Section: Ecological Consequencessupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Changes In Sensitivity To Germination Stimulantsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Changes in the sensitivity of parasitic weed seeds to germination stimulants

Matúšová

Mourik

Bouwmeester³

2004

Seed Sci. Res.

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“…O. crenata seeds only germinate in the proximity of roots of a suitable host in response to a germination stimulant compound present in the root exudate. However, before being able to respond to this external stimulus the seeds need to be exposed to moist conditions at a suitable temperature (optimum 15-20 C) for a certain period of time, but when conditioning is prolonged seeds enter in to a secondary dormancy and germination decreases (Van Hezewijk et al 1993). This can explain the differences in incidence among years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for Resistance to Crenate Broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.) in Pea Germplasm

Rubiales

Moreno²,

Sillero³

2005

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Orobanche crenata Forsk. is a major constraint for pea production in Mediterranean and East Asian countries. To solve the problem of the lack of resistance in pea cultivars, a screening for resistance was performed under field conditions in a germplasm collection of 575 accessions of Pisum sativum L. No complete resistance was found but varying levels of resistance were identified and confirmed in further field seasons and in pots experiments in the greenhouse. Resistance was quantitative resulting in a reduction in the number of emerged broomrapes per pea plant. Broomrape infection and expression of resistance proved to be highly influenced by environmental conditions. Resistance is the consequence of the combination of several resistance mechanisms preventing or hampering establishment of broomrape and/or development of established tubercles. Resistance identified could suffice to prevent broomrape damage in normal years, but might need to be implemented with other control measures in very conducive years. Resistant accessions have been crossed with pea cultivars and submitted to a breeding programme in which accumulation of levels of resistance to broomrape is a priority.

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“…This has been attributed to variation in the permeability of the seed coat (Van Waes & Debergh 1986). Moreover, the reliability of the test has been questioned given the bias associated with the preparation and interpretation of the stain (van Hezewijk et al 1993). Although we used a stereoscope to evaluate the external structure of all seeds extracted by the method of direct separation in order to make sure they did not have apparent damage, in order to have a more accurate approximation of the structure and density of the seed bank it is necessary to evaluate other methods used to assess the viability of the seeds obtained by the method of direct separation such as the recovery rate of seeds or microscopic evaluation of the embryo, and thus avoid overestimation of seed density by this method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Andean Forest Soil Seed Bank in Two Successional Stages in Northeastern Colombia

et al. 2016

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Background: Soil seed banks play an important role in post-disturbance regeneration and succession of species from different successional stages. Questions: 1) What is the most effective method for determining the composition and structure of the soil seed bank of Andean forests? 2) What is the composition and structure of soil seed banks in old-growth forest and shrubland sites in the Andean montane tropical forest of Colombia? Study site: Andean forest, Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia Methods: We surveyed the soil seed bank in two successional stages of Andean forest and examined its structure using two sampling methods: direct separation and germination. Results: Soil seed bank density was higher (18-fold in old-growth forest and 666-fold in shrubland) with the direct separation method than with germination; however, under the germination method, we found four species that we did not detect through the direct separation method. Soil seed banks from shrublands were mainly dominated by species from disturbed areas (91 %), while those from the old-growth forest presented early, intermediate and late species; e.g., Miconia summa, Myrsine dependens and Solanum sp., respectively. In the old-growth forest (especially for late species), density increased with depth. This pattern was not observed in shrubland. Seeds obtained by using the direct separation method presented low (< 7 %) viability. Conclusion:We consider the two methods to be complementary and recommend the use of both for a thorough characterization of soil seed banks from Andean forests. At different successional stages in the Colombian Andean forest, the soil seed bank may contain early, intermediate and late species, and it therefore plays an important role in the regeneration of this threatened ecosystem. Key words: secondary successional, Colombia, germination method, direct separation method, seed viability. Bancos de Semillas en dos Estadios Sucesionales de Bosque Andino en el Noreste de Colombia ResumenAntecedentes: Los bancos de semillas del suelo juegan un papel importante en la regeneración de especies de diferentes etapas de sucesión. Preguntas: 1) ¿Cuál es el método más eficaz para la descripción de la composición y la estructura del banco de semillas del suelo de los bosques andinos? y 2) ¿Cómo es la composición y estructura de los bancos de semillas del suelo en un bosque primario y un matorral en el bosque andino en Colombia? Sitio de estudio: Bosque andino en Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia Métodos: Se estudiaron el banco de semillas del suelo en dos etapas de sucesión de bosque andino y se examinó la estructura mediante dos métodos de muestreo: separación directa y la germinación. Resultados: La densidad del banco de semillas en el suelo fue mayor (18 veces en bosques primarios y 666 veces en matorral) con el método de separación directa que con el método de germinación; Sin embargo, bajo el méto-do de germinación, se encontraron cuatro especies que no detectamos a través del método de separación directa. Los banco...

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Germination of Orobanche crenata seeds, as influenced by conditioning temperature and period

Cited by 43 publications

References 2 publications

Changes in the sensitivity of parasitic weed seeds to germination stimulants

Changes in the sensitivity of parasitic weed seeds to germination stimulants

Search for Resistance to Crenate Broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.) in Pea Germplasm

The Andean Forest Soil Seed Bank in Two Successional Stages in Northeastern Colombia

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