Germination and morphology of fruits, seeds and plants of Cereus jamacaru DC

Abud, Haynna Fernandes; Pereira, Magnum de Sousa; Gonçalves, Nayara Roberto; Pereira, Diego de Sousa; Bezerra, Antônio Marcos Esmeraldo

doi:10.1590/s2317-15372013000300006

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The three studied subspecies belong to subfamily Cactoideae and were classified as positive photoblastic. This finding agrees with data described in previous studies, in which similar behavior is described for cacti that occur in the Caatinga as well as other ecosystems (Rojas-Aréchiga and Vázquez-Yanes, 2000; Gurvich et al, 2008;Meiado, 2012;Meiado et al, 2012b;Abud et al, 2013;Rojas-Aréchiga et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Seed germination of three endangered subspecies of Discocactus Pfeiff. (Cactaceae) in response to environmental factors

2018

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Temperature, light, water availability and excessive salt in the soil are among the abiotic factors that most influence the germination process in semiarid ecosystems. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of these abiotic factors on seed germination in three subspecies of cactus: Discocactus bahiensis, D. zehntneri subsp. petr-halfarii and D. zehntneri subsp. zehntneri. Seeds were set for germination under two light conditions (12-h light/dark photoperiod and continuous darkness) and 10 temperature treatments [eight constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 °C) and two alternating temperatures (30 to 20 °C and 35 to 25 °C)]. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000 and sodium chloride (NaCl) were used to simulate water and saline stress, respectively, with the following osmotic potentials: 0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8 and -1.0 MPa. Three subspecies were positive photoblastic. The optimum temperature for germination was 25 to 35 ºC for D. bahiensis and D. zehntneri subsp. zehntneri, and 30 to 35 ºC for D. zehntneri subsp. petr-halfarii. The seeds of all three subspecies exhibited tolerance to water and saline stress, as germination was observed at potentials for up to -0.6 MPa in the PEG and NaCl solutions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Seed germination of three endangered subspecies of Discocactus Pfeiff. (Cactaceae) in response to environmental factors

2018

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“…In spite of the greater length and thickness of the bark of the fruits from Maringá, the weight of the fruits was not greater than the weight of the fruits from Picos. The fruit length of Picos varied from 59.6 to 123 mm, with an average 83.6 mm, similar to the average described by Abud et al 23 for fruits of C. jamacaru (82.36 ±5.78 mm in length). Mean weight of the Picos fruits in current study (153 g) was also similar to the fruit weight reported by Abud et al 23 for fruits of C. jamacaru (154.66 ± 40.01 g).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Cereus Fruits Of Plants Grown In Marisupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The fruit length of Picos varied from 59.6 to 123 mm, with an average 83.6 mm, similar to the average described by Abud et al 23 for fruits of C. jamacaru (82.36 ±5.78 mm in length). Mean weight of the Picos fruits in current study (153 g) was also similar to the fruit weight reported by Abud et al 23 for fruits of C. jamacaru (154.66 ± 40.01 g). On the other hand, the diameter of the fruits from Picos evaluated in current study (42.8 g) was smaller than the diameter described for fruits of C. jamacaru 62.63 ± 6.63mm 23 Variation in °Brix (8.1 -17.1) and mean value (12.6) were higher in Cereus fruits cultivated in Maringá than in fruits cultivated in Picos ( Table 2).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Cereus Fruits Of Plants Grown In Marisupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Evidence that 25°C is an adequate temperature for the germination of C. jamacaru seeds contradicts the observation that temperatures below 30°C were not adequate for the germination of C. jamacaru seeds 16 . Abud et al 23 also revealed that the highest percentage of germination in C. jamacaru seeds (89%) occurred at 25°C.…”

Section: Number Weight and Germination Rate Of Cereus Seeds Grown Inmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Characteristics of fruits and seeds of cereus plants (cactaceae) grown in South and Northeastern Brazil

Luz¹,

Neto²,

Mangolin³

et al. 2020

HIJ

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The physical and physiological characteristics of fruits and seeds were analyzed so that parameters may be determined to differentiate cactus plants of the Cereus genus from south and northeastern Brazil. Length, width, bark thickness, pulp diameter, weight of fruits, and sugar content (°Brix) of the fruit pulp, number of seeds (NS), weight of 100 seeds (P 100) and germination taxa (%G) of the seeds from plants of the two regions were evaluated. Fruit length, bark thickness and Brix degree were higher in Cereus plants from Maringá (south) than in plants from Picos (northeast), whilst the P 100 of plants cultivated in Picos was higher than the P 100 of plants grown in Maringá. NS and %G, at 30°C, were not significantly different in the seeds of the plants cultivated in Maringá and Picos. Positive Pearson correlation was reported between NS and the fruits´ weight, length, width, and diameter. Fruit width had a positive correlation with the weight, length, diameter, bark thickness and sugar content. The length, diameter and thickness of the bark were also positively correlated with the fruits´ sugar content. Above evidences suggest that larger fruits present higher Brix degree. The present study was important to shown that the Cereus plants from Maringá may be a source of bigger and sweeter fruits, essential characteristics for breeding programs..

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“…A large proportion of the cacti seeds frequently found in the faeces of two parrot species were viable according to the tetrazolium test. The maximum germination success in laboratory conditions of seeds extracted from mature fruits of C. jamacaru (94.0%: Meiado et al, 2010 , 89.0%: Abud et al, 2013 , both at 25 o C and 12 h photoperiod) was similar to the proportion of viable seeds of the same cacti retrieved from A. leari faeces (92.7%). Germination success recorded by Abud et al (2010) for P. pachycladus seeds in the same conditions was, however, higher than the proportion of viable seeds and germination success of seeds from parrot faeces recorded in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Internal seed dispersal by parrots: an overview of a neglected mutualism

Blanco

Bravo

Pacífico

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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Despite the fact that parrots (Psitacifformes) are generalist apex frugivores, they have largely been considered plant antagonists and thus neglected as seed dispersers of their food plants. Internal dispersal was investigated by searching for seeds in faeces opportunistically collected at communal roosts, foraging sites and nests of eleven parrot species in different habitats and biomes in the Neotropics. Multiple intact seeds of seven plant species of five families were found in a variable proportion of faeces from four parrot species. The mean number of seeds of each plant species per dropping ranged between one and about sixty, with a maximum of almost five hundred seeds from the cacti Pilosocereus pachycladus in a single dropping of Lear’s Macaw (Anodorhynchus leari). All seeds retrieved were small (<3 mm) and corresponded to herbs and relatively large, multiple-seeded fleshy berries and infrutescences from shrubs, trees and columnar cacti, often also dispersed by stomatochory. An overview of the potential constraints driving seed dispersal suggest that, despite the obvious size difference between seeds dispersed by endozoochory and stomatochory, there is no clear difference in fruit size depending on the dispersal mode. Regardless of the enhanced or limited germination capability after gut transit, a relatively large proportion of cacti seeds frequently found in the faeces of two parrot species were viable according to the tetrazolium test and germination experiments. The conservative results of our exploratory sampling and a literature review clearly indicate that the importance of parrots as endozoochorous dispersers has been largely under-appreciated due to the lack of research systematically searching for seeds in their faeces. We encourage the evaluation of seed dispersal and other mutualistic interactions mediated by parrots before their generalized population declines contribute to the collapse of key ecosystem processes.

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Germination and morphology of fruits, seeds and plants of Cereus jamacaru DC

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Seed germination of three endangered subspecies of Discocactus Pfeiff. (Cactaceae) in response to environmental factors

Seed germination of three endangered subspecies of Discocactus Pfeiff. (Cactaceae) in response to environmental factors

Characteristics of fruits and seeds of cereus plants (cactaceae) grown in South and Northeastern Brazil

Internal seed dispersal by parrots: an overview of a neglected mutualism

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