Germination and in vitro development of mature zygotic embryos and protein profile of seedlings of wild and cultivated Hevea brasiliensis

Abstract

The main factors governing Hevea brasiliensis germination and seedling establishment remains unclear. We examined the effect of growth regulators Indole 3-Acetic Acid (IAA) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), and their interactions on germination and the development of mature zygotic embryos (MZE) and protein profi le of Hevea brasiliensis seedlings from wild and cultivated (clone PB 250) genotypes. Embryonic axes excised from seeds (wild and clone PB 250) were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog medium (control) and supplemented with IAA (3 µM) and BAP (6 µM) individually and their combination (3 µM IAA + 6 µM BAP). For both genotypes, the mature embryos displayed a high percentage of germination and establishment, and the seedlings were characterized by protein bands ranging from 7 to 30 kDa. Notably, the wild genotype showed proteins in the 14 kDa range, which may be associated with one of the major rubber elongation factors (REF). The wild and clone genotypes presented different behavior and strategies in relation to the protein profi le in the presence of different growth regulators. Although the latex biosynthetic pathway and its mechanisms of regulation still remain largely unknown, our results aid in our understanding of the dynamics of proteins in different rubber tree clones in vitro.

Induction of Axillary Bud Swelling of Hevea brasiliensis to Regenerate Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis and Analysis of Genetic Stability

“…Recent studies have reported that plants growing in media containing high concentrations of sucrose display higher gains in dry weight and leaf development [42]. Various studies have supported the beneficial effects of these hormones in inducing a callus in Hevea and other plant species [43][44][45][46]. The optimal regeneration potential was obtained in MH media supplemented with 1 mg/L 6-BA, 3 mg/L KT, 0.06 mg/L 2, 4-D, and 0.5 mg/L GA3.…”