Geraniol quality improvement on citronella oil as raw material for making anti-bacterial perfumes

Abstract

In this study, optimization was carried out to increase the levels of geraniol compounds present in citronella oil using vacuum distillation. Geraniol is a compound that has been legalized by IFRA (Fragrance International Research Association) as a scent compound, Geraniol has been studied in addition to having a pleasant fragrance, geraniol is also very effective in inhibiting bacterial growth. So geraniol is a reference to use it as formulated as a raw material for anti-bacterial products, but the levels of geraniol in citronella oil are still very low. This is what encourages the processing of fragrant citronella oil to be processed, by increasing geraniol levels using a vacuum distillation method, with variations in pressure: 8mmHg, 6mmHg, 4mmHg, 1mmHg during the operating time: 20 minutes; 40 minutes; 60 minutes and until Final boiling point. The samples were analysed using GC-MS (Gas Chromatography of Mass Spectrometry, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrophotometer), refractive index, and bacterial testing of research products. The results showed that higher temperature usage had an effect on increasing geraniol levels and showed that This vacuum distillation method is quite effective. Geraniol concentrations before and after isolation increased by 38%. namely from 20.32% to 57.39%. This shows that this method is quite effective in increasing geraniol concentrations in fragrant citronella oil. Analysis of FTIR shows 3365.78 cm-1 according to the hydroxyl polymer group (OH).

Isolation of citronellal and geraniol from citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) oil by vacuum fractional distillation: Effect of operating conditions on the separation

“…The boiling point difference of those constituents in F4 fraction was almost indifferent even at atmospheric pressure (Table 3), which prevented a fractionation between them. Several studies also reported the inseparable fraction of rhodinol, even at a much higher column height and refl ux ratio than this work 23, 35, 39 . The comparison was summarized in Table 6.…”

“…The comparison was summarized in Table 6. Rihayat et al 39 and Warsito et al 23 showed the most impressive results when the geraniol content was around 58%. Meanwhile, there was still a large amount of citronellol in the fraction at nearly 24% despite various operating parameters.…”

Biotecnologia: Fonte De Novas Moléculas Antimicrobianas Para O Tratamento De Infecções Bacterianas Multirresistentes

“…Muitos estudos descrevem que o óleo essencial de palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii) possui a atividade antimicrobiana contra bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas. Sua composição, no geral, é rica em monoterpenos e geraniol, que concedem a inibição do crescimento microbiano e a fragrância agradável (RIHAYAT et al, 2020).…”

Development of a multifunctional and self-preserving cosmetic formulation using sophorolipids and palmarosa essential oil against acne-causing bacteria

“…Palmarosa essential oil ( Cymbopogon martinii ) presents antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Its composition is rich in monoterpenes and geraniol, providing a pleasant fragrance and efficiency in inhibiting the bacterial growth (Cebi, 2021; Rihayat et al, 2020).…”