Geospatial distribution of intestinal parasitic infections in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) and its association with social determinants

Faria, Clarissa Perez; Zaniní, Graziela Maria; Dias, Gisele Silva; Silva, Sidnei da; Freitas, Marcelo Bessa de; Almendra, Ricardo; Santana, Paula; Sousa, Maria do Céu

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005445

Cited by 81 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…The prevalence of intestinal protozoa infections is greater than that of helminth infections in Brazil . These parasites are unicellular organisms that during acute infections induce a type 1 immune response that is essential to control parasite replication …”

Section: Protozoa and Allergy In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of intestinal protozoa infections is greater than that of helminth infections in Brazil. [97][98][99][100][101][102] These parasites are unicellular organisms that during acute infections induce a type 1 immune response that is essential to control parasite replication. [103][104][105] Giardia lamblia elicits both a cellular and humoral immune response, inducing cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF), 106 interferon (IFN)-y 107,108 and interleukin (IL)-17, 109 as well as nitric oxide (NO), 110 production of antigiardial IgA antibodies 111,112 and intestinal mastocytosis.…”

Section: Protozoa and Allergy In B R A Zilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parasites and allergy: Observations from Brazil

Andrade

Carneiro

Cerqueira

et al. 2018

Parasite Immunology

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Brazil is a middle-income country undergoing the epidemiological transition. Effects of changes in daily life habits and access to clean water, sanitation and urban services on a growing urban population have contributed to a double burden of both infectious and noncommunicable chronic diseases. Studies have indicated that parasite infections may modulate the human immune system and influence the development of allergic conditions such as asthma. However, there is no consensus in the published literature on the effects of parasitic infections on allergy, perhaps as a consequence of factors determining the epidemiology of these infections that vary between populations such as age of first infection, duration and chronicity of infections, parasite burden and species, and host genetic susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the observations from Brazil concerning the relationship between parasite infections and allergy.

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Section: Protozoa and Allergy In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protozoa and Allergy In B R A Zilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites and allergy: Observations from Brazil

Andrade

Carneiro

Cerqueira

et al. 2018

Parasite Immunology

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“…A giardíase é uma das parasitoses mais frequentes na clínica de pequenos animais e sua importância está mais relacionada à dificuldade de erradicação, principalmente em ambientes coletivos, do que com a gravidade do quadro clínico [2,14,18].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Retrospective and Comparative Study of Giardia sp. Prevalence in Dogs, Cats, and Small Ruminants in Endemic Areas in Different Brazilian States

Moraes

Neto

Oliveira

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Giardia, an intestinal parasite of asexual reproduction, is an important etiologic agent of diarrhea in animals and humans, transmitted by orofecal route. The disease caused by this agent, giardiasis, is endemic in the world and representing an important public health problem. The aim of the present study was do a retrospective study to determine the prevalence of Giardia sp. in fecal samples from dogs, cats, sheep and goats (small ruminants) evaluated at FMVZ Unesp, Botucatu, SP. In addition, this study presents a review of the literature on the prevalence of this protozoan in dogs, cats and small ruminants in different states of Brazil, according to the environmental of these animals. Materials, Methods & Results:During 2011 to 2017, 2,698 fecal samples of dogs, 359 fecal samples of cats and 320 fecal samples of goats and sheep were analyzed. A total of 18.9% of the dogs, 24.8% of the cats, and 6.6% of the goats and sheep were positive for Giardia sp. Only previous studies that used the zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation (Faust technique) were included for comparation of prevalence. The prevalence of Giardia sp. in samples of centrifugation-fluctuation in zinc sulfate was similar in dogs, higher in cats and lower for small ruminants when compared to previous investigations. 4.4% and 6.7% of the positive samples from dogs and cats, respectively, were associated with some co-infection. Co-infections by Cystoisospora spp., Ancylostoma spp. and/ or Toxocara spp. were the most common for dogs and cats. Discussion: This study reveals the presence of Giardia sp. in different animal species in an endemic area. The results are similar to the prevalence previous reported in dogs, and higher in cats using the same diagnostic technique (Faust technique). Co-infections by Cystoisospora spp., Ancylostoma spp. and/ or Toxocara spp. were the most common for dogs and cats, as well-known in previous studies. Investigations with household, shelter and stray dogs found a significantly lower occurrence of Giardia sp. in the group of household dogs. However, for cats these comparisons should made with caution. Despite having a owner, some of these cats have free access to the streets, so they might be more expose to the sources of infection. There are few previous reports of the presence of Giardia sp. in goats and sheep, which presented much higher prevalence when compared with this study. This variation in prevalance of Giardia sp. in small ruminants can occur due to differences inherent to each region in Brazil, as well as the presence of risck factors regarding animal age, type of raising of the animals, hygienic-sanitary and management conditions, and the presence of domestic animals inside sheep and goat installations, which can potentially favor the mechanical transmission of cysts or reservoirs of this parasite. Therefore, due to regional variations in this parasite prevalence, this information is more value in regional areas, reaffirming the importance of this kind of studies in brazilian states and cities. The...

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“…Enteroparasitosis is a serious public health problem that affects mainly population from developing countries, especially those regions where missing basic sanitary structures (1). The prevalence of enteroparasites in a population is often used as an important indicator of the health situation and the housing conditions, since the most of the intestinal parasites are transmitted by water or food contaminated fecal material directly or after parasite development in soil (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteroparasites, Respiratory Allergy and Other Signs and Symptoms in Childs and Youth Population of Recôncavo of Bahia – Brazil

Amor¹,

Fonsêca²,

Marques³

et al. 2018

JAAID

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Respiratory allergies may develop at any age, but the onset are more frequent in childhood and juvenile population due to genetic factors and to development of the immune system, which may presents as rhinitis and/or asthma. In Brazil, asthma is the second cause of hospital admission in children aged four to nine years old and the third in adolescents. Exposure to pathogens, particularly helminths, and their products are common in developing countries, and it appears to protect against the development of autoimmune and allergic diseases in experimental and human models. Based on these data, the present study investigated the presence of allergic conditions, infection by intestinal parasites and symptomatology on the juvenile population of the rural area of Santo Antônio de Jesus (Bahia -Brazil), from July to October, 2015. A questionnaire was applied to evaluate asthma and allergic symptoms and the parasitological feces exam was performed in 47 individuals. The study identified 81% of the positive samples for at least one parasite species; 45% polyparasitism; and the prevalence to Endolimax nana (48%) and hookworms (39%); eczema as the predominant allergic manifestation (34%) and headache, fatigue after physical activity, urticaria, itching in the head and nervousness as the most frequent signs and symptoms. The prevalence of enteroparasites, respiratory allergy and the symptoms associated with each of them are present in the studied population, and it may be related not only to the infection, but also to the presence of previous or overlapping diseases.

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Geospatial distribution of intestinal parasitic infections in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) and its association with social determinants

Cited by 81 publications

References 49 publications

Parasites and allergy: Observations from Brazil

Parasites and allergy: Observations from Brazil

Retrospective and Comparative Study of Giardia sp. Prevalence in Dogs, Cats, and Small Ruminants in Endemic Areas in Different Brazilian States

Enteroparasites, Respiratory Allergy and Other Signs and Symptoms in Childs and Youth Population of Recôncavo of Bahia – Brazil

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