GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CONTROLS OF<i>FRAXINUS EXCELSIOR</i>GROWTH AND REGENERATION IN FLOODPLAIN FORESTS

Dufour, Simon; Piégay, Hervé

doi:10.1890/06-1768.1

Cited by 56 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Wardle (1961) has shown that Fraxinus is intolerant to water shortages in waterlogged sites where the roots are unable to penetrate deeply. This is in accordance with results obtained by Dufour and Piégay (2008) while investigating growth and regeneration of Fraxinus in floodplain forests.…”

Section: Growth Of Fraxinussupporting

confidence: 93%

Dendrochronological Analysis of Subfossil Fraxinus from the Middle and Late Holocene Period in Lithuania

Vitas¹

2010

Tree-Ring Research

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Dendrochronological investigations on subfossil European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) wood found in two bogs of Western Lithuania are presented. Radiocarbon dating has revealed that Fraxinus grew in the Middle and Late Holocene, from approximately 4700 BC to 1500 BC. It is proposed that the growth of Fraxinus at these bogs was limited by differing hydrological regimes. Rising soil water levels induced a long decline in radial growth followed by a sharp reduction (up to 51%) in ring widths before the trees died. Until now, forest history in Lithuania was mostly based on results from palynological studies. This research demonstrates the potential of using dendrochronology to extend the distribution record of Fraxinus in the Baltic region during different periods of the Holocene.

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Section: Growth Of Fraxinussupporting

confidence: 93%

Dendrochronological Analysis of Subfossil Fraxinus from the Middle and Late Holocene Period in Lithuania

Vitas¹

2010

Tree-Ring Research

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“…Threshold behaviour is also discussed in the context of the long-term development of soil structures and landforms (Newson and Newson, 2000;Phillips, 2004Phillips, , 2006, fluvial morphology (Willgoose et al, 1991a(Willgoose et al, , 1991bGrant, 1997;Piégay et al, 2000;Fryirs et al, 2007;Harnischmacher, 2007), rill and gully erosion (Bull and Kirkby, 1997;Kirkby et al, 2003;Poesen et al, 2003;Shao et al, 2005;Parkner et al, 2006Parkner et al, , 2007, badlands formation (CalvoCases and Harvey, 1996;Howard, 1997;Faulkner et al, 2000Faulkner et al, , 2003Boardman et al, 2003;Faulkner, 2008), and formation and growth of channel networks (Willgoose et al, 1991a(Willgoose et al, , 1991bRinaldo et al, 1996;Rodriguez-Iturbe et al, 1998;Rodriguez-Iturbe and Rinaldo, 2001). Threshold behaviour and feedbacks between vegetation patterns and redistribution of abiotic resources determine the resilience of geoecosystems in semi-arid regions (Grant, 1997;Piégay et al, 2000;Wilcox et al, 2003a;Wilcox and Newman, 2005;Fryirs et al, 2007;Saco et al, 2007;Tietjen and Jeltsch, 2007), grassland establishment (Baer et al, 2005;Baer and Blair, 2008), regeneration of forests in floodplain areas (Dufour and Piegay, 2008), plant diversity in wetlands …”

Section: Examples Of Threshold Behaviour In Hydrology and Earth Systementioning

confidence: 99%

Threshold behaviour in hydrological systems as (human) geo-ecosystems: manifestations, controls, implications

Zehe¹,

Sivapalan

2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

196

139

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Abstract. In this paper we review threshold behaviour in environmental systems, which are often associated with the onset of floods, contamination and erosion events, and other degenerative processes. Key objectives of this review are to a) suggest indicators for detecting threshold behavior, b) discuss their implications for predictability, c) distinguish different forms of threshold behavior and their underlying controls, and d) hypothesise on possible reasons for why threshold behaviour might occur. Threshold behaviour involves a fast qualitative change of either a single process or the response of a system. For elementary phenomena this switch occurs when boundary conditions (e.g., energy inputs) or system states as expressed by dimensionless quantities (e.g. the Reynolds number) exceed threshold values. Mixing, water movement or depletion of thermodynamic gradients becomes much more efficient as a result. Intermittency is a very good indicator for detecting event scale threshold behavior in hydrological systems. Predictability of intermittent processes/system responses is inherently low for combinations of systems states and/or boundary conditions that push the system close to a threshold. Post hoc identification of "cause-effect relations" to explain when the system became critical is inherently difficult because of our limited ability to perform observations under controlled identical experimental conditions. In this review, we distinguish three forms of threshold behavior. The first one is threshold behavior at the Correspondence to: E. Zehe (e.zehe@bv.tum.de) process level that is controlled by the interplay of local soil characteristics and states, vegetation and the rainfall forcing. Overland flow formation, particle detachment and preferential flow are examples of this. The second form of threshold behaviour is the response of systems of intermediate complexity -e.g., catchment runoff response and sediment yield -governed by the redistribution of water and sediments in space and time. These are controlled by the topological architecture of the catchments that interacts with system states and the boundary conditions. Crossing the response thresholds means to establish connectedness of surface or subsurface flow paths to the catchment outlet. Subsurface stormflow in humid areas, overland flow and erosion in semi-arid and arid areas are examples, and explain that crossing local process thresholds is necessary but not sufficient to trigger a system response threshold. The third form of threshold behaviour involves changes in the "architecture" of human geoecosystems, which experience various disturbances. As a result substantial change in hydrological functioning of a system is induced, when the disturbances exceed the resilience of the geo-ecosystem. We present examples from savannah ecosystems, humid agricultural systems, mining activities affecting rainfall runoff in forested areas, badlands formation in Spain, and the restoration of the Upper Rhine river basin as examples of this phenomenon. This fun...

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“…Fraxinus is a flexible genus which can be found over a wide range of growing conditionsfrom coastal to mountainous regions, especially on steep slopes (Stöhr & Lösch, 2004), from pioneer to mature woodland, from nutrient-rich to poorer soils (Ferrazzini et al, 2007;Dufour & Piégay, 2008). Its drought tolerance and frost sensitivity would have made ash a tree species potentially favored by the expected climate warming and drying (Scherrer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fungal pathogens and climatic factors on production, biodiversity and health status of ash mountain forests

Vacek¹,

Vacek²,

Bulušek³

et al. 2017

Dendrobiology

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European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) is a broad-leaved fast-growing tree species common in most parts of Europe, highly-valued for its ecological properties and occurrence in many forest site types. Its future is threatened, especially by an invasive fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus causing disintegration of E. ash stands throughout all Europe. This paper deals with changes in stand structure, biodiversity and production parameters in mixed European ash stands in the Krkonoše Mountains National park, Czech Republic, with respect to ash dieback progress for period [2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014][2015]. Studied four permanent research plots (0.25 ha) showed negative dynamics of stand structural and production parameters. Volume of ash ranged between 98-376 m 3 ha -1 (stand volume 378-613 m 3 ha -1), which indicates a decrease by 2.7% during 6 years. Detected fungi caused mean deterioration of foliage by 22.9%, canopy by 15.8% and mortality reached 15.2%. The earlier ash dieback symptoms were detected at suppressed and intermediate trees, especially on waterlogged sites and at low altitude. Conversely, ash dieback was reflected less intensively at higher-elevated sloping stands, although low temperature (particularly severe frosts at the beginning of the year) was prevailing limiting factor for radial growth of ash in these mountain areas. The biodiversity indices of tree layer indicate mostly medium values with a decreasing tendency (to 22.4%). Relationship between spatial pattern of trees without dieback symptoms and infected trees was positive at small distances (to 7 m) or random. In terms of preventive silvicultural practices, strong systematic thinning is recommended to maintain the vitality of ash stands.

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GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CONTROLS OFFRAXINUS EXCELSIORGROWTH AND REGENERATION IN FLOODPLAIN FORESTS

Cited by 56 publications

References 58 publications

Dendrochronological Analysis of Subfossil Fraxinus from the Middle and Late Holocene Period in Lithuania

Dendrochronological Analysis of Subfossil Fraxinus from the Middle and Late Holocene Period in Lithuania

Threshold behaviour in hydrological systems as (human) geo-ecosystems: manifestations, controls, implications

Effect of fungal pathogens and climatic factors on production, biodiversity and health status of ash mountain forests

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