Geomorphic reclamation for reestablishment of landform stability at a watershed scale in mined sites: The Alto Tajo Natural Park, Spain

Zapico, Ignacio; Duque, José Francisco Martín; Bugosh, Nicholas; Laronne, Jonathan B.; Ortega, Ana; Molina, A.; Martín‐Moreno, Cristina; Nicolau, J. M.; Castillo, Lázaro Sánchez

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.11.011

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Site preparation is often necessary on restoration sites to ensure natural or artificial regeneration success, with requirements often dependent upon severity of prior disturbance. For instance, severe landscape disturbance associated with mine reclamation may require novel innovations in geomorphic restoration and site reconstruction (MacDonald et al 2015;Zapico et al 2018) to ensure functioning soil. Technological advances of mechanical site preparation have improved the efficiency of control of site limiting factors (i.e.…”

Section: Advances In Restoration and Regeneration Techniques And Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring forests: regeneration and ecosystem function for the future

et al. 2019

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Conventions and policies for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation state the need for increased protection, restoration and climate change adaptation of forests. Much degraded land may be targeted for large-scale forest restoration, yet challenges include costs, a shortage of regeneration material and the need for restored forests to serve as a resource for communities. To ensure ecosystem function for the future, forest restoration programs must: (1) learn from the past; (2) integrate ecological knowledge; (3) advance regeneration techniques and systems; (4) overcome biotic and abiotic disturbances and (5) adapt for future forest landscapes. Historical forest conditions, while site-specific, may help to identify the processes that leave long-term legacies in current forests and to understand tree migration biology/population dynamics and their relationship with climate change. Ecological theory around plant-plant interactions has shown the importance of negative (competition) and positive (facilitation) interactions for restoration, which will become more relevant with increasing drought due to climate change. Selective animal browsing influences plant-plant interactions and challenges restoration efforts to establish species-rich forests; an integrated approach is needed to simultaneously manage ungulate populations, landscape carrying capacity and browse-tolerant regeneration. A deeper understanding of limiting factors that affect plant establishment will facilitate nursery and site preparation systems to overcome inherent restoration challenges. Severe anthropogenic disturbances connected to global change have created unprecedented pressure on forests, necessitating novel ecological engineering, genetic conservation of tree species and landscape-level approaches that focus on creating functional ecosystems in a cost-effective manner.

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Section: Advances In Restoration and Regeneration Techniques And Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring forests: regeneration and ecosystem function for the future

et al. 2019

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“…This study observed excavation margins, relief of the base of excavation, the allowable slope of the excavation wall, the height of the excavation wall, and road conditions. In Zapico et al (2018), the abiotic components are acquired from the measurement and monitoring of runoff water and sediment concentration. Based on the analysis in the field, the excavation margin in Point 2 was 6.10 m. For this reason, it is the only excavation margin that is in line with the environmental damage criteria, that is, >5 m from the outer side of the land ownership (the granted permit).…”

Section: Abiotic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calculating the safety factors in southwest Saudi Arabia, Basahel and Mitri (2019) affirm that rock structure, slope gradient, and slope aspect significantly determine the slope condition. Also, Zapico et al (2018) The interaction between steep slopes and high rainfall intensities triggers the occurrence of landslides and erosions (Sartohadi et al, 2018). Excavation walls or cliffs that exceed the criteria create a risk of working accidents and endanger the surrounding settlements.…”

Section: Abiotic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental damage assessment due to traditional mining on local scale in the Wungkal Hills, Yogyakarta-Indonesia

Ramadhan

Gunawan

Adji

2020

J.Degrade.Min.Land Manage.

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Environmental damage due to mining activities has now become an international issue as its regional and global assessments are widely reported from various mining commodities. Nevertheless, only a few studies have published environmental damage on detailed and local scales. This research was designed to assess the environmental damage induced by traditional mining in the Wungkal Hills, Yogyakarta on these scales by a descriptive exploratory method and quantitative measurement in the field. The mining commodity is clay, which is used as the raw material of bricks and tiles. The observed parameters included abiotic, biotic, and cultural components. The level of damage to abiotic and biotic components due to traditional mining fell into the category of critically damaged. It is attributable to faulty mining procedures that do not incorporate ecological aspects. Changes in landscape, slope, the height of excavation cliff, and the absence of vegetation lead to physical damages by extreme erosion and trigger landslides. Culturally, there was no negative impact on society. Lack of ecological understanding underlays public ignorance of the damage that the traditional mining activities had caused. In the study area, the environmental damages were critical both on detailed and local scales. Reclamation and revegetation based on the agroforestry concept are recommended for the restoration of post-mining land productivity.

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“…The values of the design input parameters change in response to local environmental variability and have to be identified in local stable landform analogues. A detailed explanation of the GeoFluv-Natural Regrade method is provided at Zapico et al (2018) and Bugosh & Epp (2019), and we refer the reader to those papers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphic rehabilitation in Europe: recognition as best available technology and its role in LIFE projects

Duque¹,

Palomino²,

Martín‐Moreno³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the International Conference on Mine Closure

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Geomorphic rehabilitation ([GR], also known as geomorphic reclamation or geomorphic restoration) is a general term to describe alternative methods and procedures to conventional mine rehabilitation. The main aim of GR is to replicate 'natural' landforms for the new conditions after mining and to restore functionality and diversity of ecosystems at degraded sites. The correct application of the GR technique ensures visual integration with surrounding landscapes. Although GR is a broad term, referring to any geomorphic restoration of land, GR is often synonymous with fluvial GR, mostly following the GeoFluv TM-Natural Regrade method. This paper describes how and why the application of GR through GeoFluv-Natural Regrade in Spain since 2009 has attracted formal recognition by the European Commission (EC) of the European Union (EU) as one, among others, of a catalogue of best available techniques (BATs) for the management of waste from extractive industries, in accordance with the European Directive 2006/21/EC. GR has been recognised as BAT at the EU for multiple reasons, including mine site monitoring results that demonstrate increased physical stability with minimised erosion from stormwater and snowmelt runoff; natural hydrological function being established; the variability within the formed landform promotes ecological diversity for vegetation and wildlife communities; construction and short and long-term maintenance and repair costs are minimised; and visual impact of the mined landscape is reduced. This paper describes also the role of GeoFluv-Natural Regrade GR in the L'Instrument Financier pour l'Environnement (LIFE) program, which is the EU's most important funding instrument addressing environment and climate action. A focus is provided on the LIFE TECMINE project, described in detail, since it is the most recent and complete GeoFluv-Natural Regrade example in Europe. The TECMINE project is a geomorphic-based ecological restoration project in the Valencia province, within the Iberian Mountain Range and where conventional mine rehabilitation practice, based on gradient terraces, shows general and widespread failure. The demonstration project is fostered by the Administration of the Valencia Region, which seeks to test innovative techniques (GR, micro-catchments, soil amendments and new protocols of revegetation) for mine rehabilitation, promote improved practices and disseminate the best practice output through their development and analysis. Testing GR is the main focus of the project. The application of GR at the TECMINE project included (a) finding 'natural' and 'stable' landforms and landscapes to be used as reference or analogues for replication in GR, although difficult, was possible due to ancestral land transformation; (b) the steep terrain, characteristic of the Iberian Range, challenged the formation of GR GeoFluv-Natural Regrade designs, but the project demonstrated that they can be implemented in that mountain setting; (b) the mining company reported similar cost estimations for this alternative ...

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Geomorphic reclamation for reestablishment of landform stability at a watershed scale in mined sites: The Alto Tajo Natural Park, Spain

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Restoring forests: regeneration and ecosystem function for the future

Restoring forests: regeneration and ecosystem function for the future

Environmental damage assessment due to traditional mining on local scale in the Wungkal Hills, Yogyakarta-Indonesia

Geomorphic rehabilitation in Europe: recognition as best available technology and its role in LIFE projects

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