Geomorphic considerations for erosion prediction

Osterkamp, W. R.; Toy, Terrence J.

doi:10.1007/s002540050113

Cited by 70 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Using these devices, the location of peak specific sediment yields (SSYs; t km -2 yr -1 ) in the Esk catchment is at catchment scales of 8.84 km 2 , along with relatively high SSYs across the 8.84 -15.56 km 2 range (Figure 4). This is consistent with previous research indicating that the peak in SSYs may typically occur within the 0.1 -20 km 2 catchment scale range (Osterkamp and Toy, 1997;Poesen et al, 1996). Following the peak in SSYs in the catchment headwaters, a significant reduction is often observed with increasing catchment area (de Vente and Poesen, 2005).…”

Section: Time-integrated Approachessupporting

confidence: 93%

Use of spatially distributed time-integrated sediment sampling networks and distributed fine sediment modelling to inform catchment management

Perks

Warburton

Bracken

et al. 2017

Journal of Environmental Management

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Section: Time-integrated Approachessupporting

confidence: 93%

Use of spatially distributed time-integrated sediment sampling networks and distributed fine sediment modelling to inform catchment management

Perks

Warburton

Bracken

et al. 2017

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…However, this approach does not consider the spatial variability in sediment delivery processes. It has been shown that the SDR is not homogenous across a watershed, but varies with changes in watershed area and slope (Osterkamp and Toy, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional scale modeling of hillslope sediment delivery: A case study in the Barasona Reservoir watershed (Spain) using WATEM/SEDEM

Cejudo

Beguería

García‐Ruiz

2010

Journal of Hydrology

106

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Soil erosion and sediment delivery to streams are important environmental problems and major concerns in sustainable development. In recent years several tools have been proposed for assessing the delivery of sediment from hillslopes to stream networks, but there are still few examples of their application to large basins, and studies include a discussion of calibration and validation issues. In this study a spatially distributed soil erosion and sediment delivery model (WATEM/SEDEM) was applied to the watershed of the Barasona Reservoir (1,504 km 2 , Central Spanish Pyrenees), which is drained by the Ésera and Isábena rivers. Model calibration and validation was based on the depositional history of the Barasona Reservoir and suspended sediment records over 3 years (May 2 2005 to May 2008) at the outlet of the Isábena River. Despite interannual differences in precipitation and runoff, it was possible to establish an optimum value (7−23) for the ktc parameter. This enabled estimation of the long-term average annual sediment yield to the reservoir, as well as the relative contribution of each river. Large spatial variability in hillslope sediment delivery was found, and the major sediment sources were in the lower part of the watershed (agricultural fields) and in the badlands developed on Eocene marls in the middle part of the watershed (Pyrenean Inner Ranges). The relative importance of sediment source areas was assessed in relation to land use, and the relationship between the sediment delivery ratio and the catchment area was studied as a function of the geomorphological units. For the moment WATEM/SEDEM remains mainly as a researcher's tool, until either the problem of the scarcity of soil erosion data or the need for calibration of the transport parameters will be solved.

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“…There are higher levels of nutrients and organic concentrations in runoff from watersheds with more agricultural activities (Kim et al [31]). Over long time spans, stream channels, agricultural fields, and other disturbed areas become unstable and exhibit wide fluctuations in the rate of soil erosion due to the formation of new drainage systems [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Use Change at Sub-Watershed Level

Adhikari¹,

Shrestha²,

Singh³

et al. 2016

Hydrol Current Res

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Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULCC) is a major driver of environmental problems like water pollution, decreased soil quality, and natural resource scarcity. Measuring LULCC is necessary to better understand the present condition of watersheds. Time series LULCC mapping using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), high-resolution imagery, and field data collection are effective methods for examining LULCC trends. The Mahadev Khola watershed in Bhaktapur, Nepal, acts as a primary source of drinking water for people living within the Bhaktapur municipalitywhich is dominated by forest at higher elevations and agricultural lands and settlements at lower elevations. The purpose of this study was to observe LULCC dynamics within the Mahadev Khola watershed to better understand the social and environmental problems that can arise in consequence. Time series land use maps were created and analyzed using GIS methods. Responses from a survey of local people, as well as interviews from selected key stakeholders, contribute insight into how past scenarios of land use have influenced-and have been influenced by-LULCC. Significant changes in land use were quantified between 2005 and 2014. Results suggest that in this period, total forest area decreased by 6.25%, cultivation area decreased by 14.28% and settlements increased by 156.25%. Survey and interview responses suggest that much of this change is due to agricultural intensification and an increase in chemical fertilizer and pesticide use. Increased agricultural inputs have increased the potential for river and water pollution and long term soil degradation. Urban expansion and development have led to the contamination of rivers with sewage and solid waste, which has increased health risks for local communities. Although total forest area has increased, the species composition has changed-now primarily dominated by Pinus roxburghii. The result of this is a decrease in river water discharge and increase in soil and water acidity. The results of this study are timely and important for analyzing the dynamics between LULCC and watersheds in order to improve future management efforts in Nepal and the Eastern Himalayan region of South Asia.

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Geomorphic considerations for erosion prediction

Cited by 70 publications

References 6 publications

Use of spatially distributed time-integrated sediment sampling networks and distributed fine sediment modelling to inform catchment management

Use of spatially distributed time-integrated sediment sampling networks and distributed fine sediment modelling to inform catchment management

Regional scale modeling of hillslope sediment delivery: A case study in the Barasona Reservoir watershed (Spain) using WATEM/SEDEM

Land Use Change at Sub-Watershed Level

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